You sperm are male gametes produced during the spermatogenesis that occurs in the testicles. Light and mobile cells, the sperm they develop from the spermatids and move towards the egg with a speed of 1mm/min to 4mm/min on average. You sperm are endowed with head, lap or intermediate piece, and tail or scourge.
THE head of sperm it has an oval shape and is almost entirely occupied by the nucleus, composed of the paternal chromosomes. At the top of the head there is the acrosome, coming from the junction of vesicles of the Golgi apparatus and consisting of a bag full of enzymes with the function of facilitating the penetration of the andspermatozoid in the egg during fertilization.
O lap, also called intermediate piece, contains mitochondria that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), essential for the movement of flagella. already the tail or scourge it develops from the centriole and has the function of boosting the sperm by the female reproductive system.
the andspermatozoa they are immersed in a fluid produced by the seminal glands and prostate. This fluid is nutritious for the
sperm and is expelled from the body at the time of ejaculation. Once in the female reproductive system, the sperm can fertilize an egg within 48 to 72 hours.In mammals, the plasma membrane of sperm it has proteins called fertilizins. It is through these proteins that the sperm can bind to receptor proteins present in the egg membrane. When the proteins of the two gametes associate, there is a fusion between them that causes changes in the permeability of the ovular membrane to Na ions.+ and K+, promoting depolarization of the entire surface of the egg. This change in the surface of the ovular membrane prevents the penetration of other sperm, ensuring that only one sperm fertilizes the egg.
By Paula Louredo
Graduated in Biology
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/biologia/espermatozoide.htm