Personal pronouns are those who designate one of the three persons in the speech.
Example: Me I went to the cinema by taxi. (I = 1st person of the speech)
Personal pronouns are subdivided into:
- of the straight case: subject function in prayer.
We we left the mall. (us = subject)
- of the oblique case: complement function in the sentence.
Sorry-me. (me = object)
Oblique pronouns are subdivided into:
- unstressed obliques: never preceded by a preposition, they are: me, te, if, o, a, h, nos, vos, if, os, as, them.
Enough-me your love.
- tonic obliques: always preceded by a preposition:
Preposition: to, from, in, by etc.
Pronoun: me, you, si, he, she, us, you, si, they, they.
Enough to me your love.
Personal pronouns:
| Number | People | straight pronouns | oblique pronouns |
| Singular | first | Me | me, me, with me |
| Monday | You | you, you, with you | |
| third | he/she | If, if, with, the, the, you | |
| Plural form | first | We | us, with us |
| Monday | You | you with you | |
| third | They | If, if, with, the, the, them |
Pronouns treatment
Personal pronouns include treatment pronouns.
Treatment pronoun it is the one with which we refer to the people to whom one speaks (ceremoniously), therefore second person, but the grammatical agreement must be done with the third person.
Some treatment pronouns:
| treatment pronoun | abbreviation | reference |
| Your Highness | GO. | princes, dukes |
| Your Eminence | Your Honor | cardinals |
| Your Honor | Your Excellency | high authorities in general |
| Your Magnificence | Your Honor | university deans |
| Your Most Reverend | V.Revbad | priests in general |
| Your Holiness | V.S. | popes |
| your lordship | Your Honor | senior officials |
| Your Majesty | V.M. | kings, emperors |
Do not stop now... There's more after the advertising ;)
Use of personal pronouns:
- with us and with you: are used in synthetic form, unless they are followed by others, all, same.
wanted to talk with us.
wanted to talk with ourselves.
- The the the the, when preceded by verbs ending in -r, -s, -z, take shape lo, la, los, las, and the verbs miss those endings.
I will pole aware of the subject. (put + o)
- The the the the, when preceded by verbs ending in -m, -o, -oe, take shape in, in, in, in, in.
Made-at the shut up.
- us and you can be employed in place of me and you in ceremony situations or, in the case of we, out of modesty.
We, said the pope, we will follow in the footsteps of our predecessors.
You you are wise.
- yours and yours:yours it's up to the person you talk to; your it's up to the person you're talking about.
Your Honor please take the floor. (speaking to or to an authority)
Your Excellency did not attend. (speaking of an authority)
- you and the other treatment pronouns they behave grammatically like third person pronouns.
You arrived late for dinner!
By Marina Cabral
Specialist in Portuguese Language and Literature
Brazil School Team
Grammar - Brazil School