A magnet (or magnet, in Portuguese from Europe) is a material that has the ability to magnetize or attract materials consisting of iron, cobalt and nickel. This is due to magnetism.
Magneto is originally the name given to the magnet. This is because he was found in Magnesia (Greece).
Types of Magnets
There are two types of magnets: o magnetNatural, which is found in nature; it's the magnetartificial, which is the result of manufacturing made using materials that have magnetic properties. This process is called magnetization.
The most common natural magnet is magnetite, a volcanic stone that contains iron oxide in its constitution.
The most used artificial magnets are those made of barium, strontium carbonate and iron oxide. O magnetinneodymium it is the most powerful magnet in the world.
The artificial magnet, in turn, can be:
- Permanent: manages to maintain its magnetism through the use of ferromagnetic materials. Its magnetism can only be temporarily lost due to strong temperature or electrical discharge.
- Temporal: the magnetism acquired through paramagnetic materials is temporary.
- Electromagnet: is a device capable of generating magnetism through the presence, generally, of iron.
Magnetic Poles
You magnetsthey aredipoles, as they have two magnetic poles: the north and the south. It is not possible to find a magnet that has only one pole. So even if the magnets are split, the two polarities will always be present.
This is a principle that is called principlegivesinseparabilityFrompoles.
The Discovery of Electromagnetic Induction
Michael Faraday (1791-1867) discovered that the motion of a magnet can generate electric current in a conductor, that is, the electromagnetic induction.
On October 17, 1831, Faraday performed an experiment in which he used a triangular ring of permanent magnets that were placed in close-up positions.
In this experiment, the English physicist and chemist obtained electrical current induced by moving a magnetic bar located inside a coil.
For this purpose, Faraday used a hollow paper cylinder covered by 8 coils of copper wire, each separated by cotton.
The ends of the cylinder were covered and he connected them to a galvanometer (an instrument that measures electrical current).
Analyzing the behavior of the needle movement of this measuring device, Faraday observed that it continued after removing the magnet from the galvanometer. The movement was now going in the opposite direction.
This showed that the approaching or distancing of the magnets resulted in a magnetic variation.
Faraday's experiment complemented Orsted's study of electromagnetism. Faraday showed the inverse phenomenon, that is, the electrical effects produced by the magnetism.
Faraday's study evolved and led to the discovery of electric generators as we know them.
Read too:
- Magnetic Separation
- Faraday's Cage
- Strength Magnetic
- Physics Formulas
- Lenz's Law
Noconfuse magnet with magnet (no sharp accent on the i). Imam is the name given to Muslim priests.
