According to studies carried out by IBGE, only 25% of disabled people who start the cycle of basic education manage to finish it. This survey considered people aged 25 or over and was carried out by the National Continuous Household Sample Survey (Continuous PNAD) of the Institute.
The study also pointed out that for people without disabilities, the index changes: about 57.3% of respondents completed high school. According to researcher Luciana Alves dos Santos, this proportional difference is quite frightening, since people with disabilities (PwDs) do not have the same access to inclusive and accessible education as people without deficiency.
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The research considered eight types of deficiencies for sampling. In this case, difficulties were included for:
- To see;
- To hear;
- Communicate;
- Walking or climbing stairs;
- Lift a 2 liter water bottle;
- pick up small objects
- Learn;
- Perform personal care.
More results from the IBGE survey on people with disabilities
In addition to the data shown above, other differences were also observed. For example, 26.5% of respondents who are people with disabilities (PwDs) and who have completed basic education are women, compared to 24.4% of men. The research continued trying to identify whether there is a discrepancy with regard to the student's appropriate grade.
Studies have shown that there are fewer students in grades appropriate to their ages between PCDs. In fundamental education, the difference is from 89.3% to 93.9% among students whose ages are different from the grades in which they are enrolled. However, the difference increases considerably over the years. According to studies, in high school, only 54.4% of students with disabilities are in the correct grade, while 70.3% of students without disabilities remain in the appropriate grade.
According to Maira Bonna Lenzi, a PNAD researcher, the study showed that there are many students in inadequate grades, with a delay in the teaching-learning process. Perhaps a big reason for this difference to be so marked lies in the lack of accessibility and inclusion in schools and in the classroom.
Still according to Lenzi, it is necessary to understand where the problem of schools and students with some type of disability lies, especially in keeping these students in their appropriate grades. This is because, according to the survey, the illiteracy rate among people with disabilities is 19.5%, compared to only 4.1% for people without disabilities.
Learn more about the deficiencies considered
Above, we present the eight types of disability considered for this research. In total, there are more than 18.6 million Brazilians, or 8.9% of the population aged two years or more, who have some type of disability. The largest number is women, corresponding to 10%, and the highest rate is found in the Northeast region.
Among all those cited, the most common are difficulties walking or climbing stairs, seeing, learning or remembering things. The vast majority of people have only one disability.
