The call Cold War it was constituted as a relationship of constant tension between the USSR and the USA, after World War II, in which there was the imminence of a new conflict of global dimensions, but much more lethal, due to the existence of the atomic bomb and a very high level of arms bigger.
With the objective of not being involved in this conflict and not adopting one of the sides of the dispute, some nations decided to create a cooperation policy, which became known as Movement of Non-Aligned Countries.
The first meeting took place at Bandung Conference, in 1955, in Indonesia. 23 Asian and six African countries participated in the Conference, such as India, Egypt, Indonesia and Pakistan, all having in common a newly won political independence and economy weak.
In addition to the distancing of the two superpowers, these countries sought to create a bloc of countries with a global scope with the interest of find paths for economic development, in order to overcome the immense social inequalities that exist between the population.
This bloc of countries also gave rise to the term Third World, which would also characterize the countries of Latin America. However, the officialization of the group would happen six years later, in 1961, when in the city of Belgrade, in Yugoslavia, a new conference was held.
One of the consequences of this initiative was the fact that the United Nations (UN) began to exert greater pressure on the former European economic powers and the USA, in order to guarantee the recognition of the autonomy of the Afro-Asian countries. These measures ensured Non-Aligned Countries considerable popularity during the 1960s and 1970s. However, its importance diminished as the Soviet bloc fell apart in the late 1980s.
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* Image Credit: MarkauMark and Shutterstock.com
By Tales Pinto
Graduated in History
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/guerras/guerra-fria-os-paises-nao-alinhados.htm
