The term Pathology, whose meaning is "study of illnesses”, derives from the Greek pathos, which means disease, and logos, which means study. Despite their significance, Pathology does not study all aspects of diseases, as it is more focused on analyzing the changes they cause in cells, tissues and organs. In this way, the Pathology is considered the scientific basis of Medicine and its purpose is to explain the mechanisms that lead to the development of signs and symptoms of an illness.
→ How can Pathology be divided?
Pathology can be divided into two areas: General Pathology and Special Pathology.
• General pathology: This area focuses on the study of reactions present in cells and tissues as a result of a disease. In this case, the study analyzes the basic reactions, therefore, it does not analyze the specific reactions.
• Special Pathology or Systemic Pathology: This area focuses on the specific responses that occur in organs and tissues as a result of a particular disease.
→ What is Clinical Pathology?
THE Clinical pathology, also called Laboratory Medicine, is a medical specialty that is based on the analysis of clinical laboratory tests, such as laboratory tests. blood, urine, feces and other biological materials. In this analysis, the aim is to quantify the presence of some substances, molecules or even cells that are found abnormally in the analyzed material.
This specialty allows the identification of changes in the functioning of the body, which can help in the prevention, diagnosis and even treatment of a particular disease. However, this is only achieved if the exams present reliable results and the data analysis is done carefully. A physician specializing in Laboratory Medicine is called a clinical pathologist.
→ What is Pathological Anatomy?
Pathological Anatomy is a medical specialty that analyzes changes caused by diseases in cell and tissue samples. As in Clinical Pathology, the adequate study of alterations allows the identification of diseases such as cancer and guarantees an adequate treatment.
By Ma. Vanessa dos Santos
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/o-que-e/biologia/o-que-patologia.htm