Domestic violence has been one of the most discussed topics in recent years. Taking into account the topicality of the theme, be aware and inform yourself to be prepared in case you are confronted with her in the essay test for the entrance exam, the Enem, or even in any issue of these contests, where the theme is already he appeared.
In 2014, for example, the theme of the writing of the Unesp entrance exam was "Society's tolerance to sexual violence against women".
In 2015, in turn, the theme of the Enem essay was “The persistence of violence against women”. Unfortunately, many students scored zero on this test.
Tips - step by step
1. Convey what you understand about the concept of the theme
First, you need to understand what this type of violence consists of. Thus, he begins to develop his text straight away, managing to capture the reader's attention to what he wants to read.
So here we go! Domestic violence comprises actions against the physical or moral integrity, mainly of women, but also of children, the elderly and men, in the home.
Women are the biggest victims of this type of violence, which is the crime that receives the least reports worldwide. This happens not only out of shame, but to defend other people in the house against the same acts. Other factors that contribute to its occurrence is the fact that the victim feels responsible for the acts of violence and understands that he deserves to be treated in this way.
In this way, while people are conniving, the situation is accepted with normality. Also because the rapist can show episodes of regret on a regular basis, which promotes cyclic episodes in which the person is treated poorly, but later well and so on.
In Middle Eastern countries, domestic violence is often considered a crime of honor, which makes it, in addition to being accepted, even encouraged. These crimes take place in the context of adultery, intentions to divorce, couples who discover that their brides are not virgins until marriage, among others.
2. Clarify what you can about the subject
In addition to the concept, show that your text is based on content you've researched and that you know what you're talking about.
Explain that domestic violence does not only involve physical aggression, which can lead to death, but other types of aggression.
There are five types of domestic violence:
- Physical violence: spanking, suffocating, genital mutilation, using weapons.
- psychological violence: cursing, stalking, blackmailing.
- sexual violence: force you to have sex, force you to get pregnant or have an abortion.
- patrimonial violence: control money, spoil the victim's treasured possessions.
- moral violence: humiliate, expose intimacy in front of others.
Domestic violence is present in different economic classes, between heterosexual and homosexual couples. In smaller numbers, there are also cases of domestic violence against men. It is for this reason that the denomination of violence against women became conjugal violence, thus encompassing men.
Children are the target of violence in different ways: when witnessing acts of domestic violence (especially when it involves your parents), when being used as an instrument of blackmail, or also being physically attacked or morally.
In the case of the elderly, they can be abandoned, neglected, inhibited from using their own money, in addition to being humiliated and even physically assaulted.
3. present data
Show that your text content is not based on assumptions. To do so, follow the news and get into the habit of reading studies and reports with current topics.
Mention, for example, that in Brazil, according to surveys, 5 women are beaten every 2 minutes, victims, in most cases, of partners or ex-partners.
Add that 1 in 5 of absenteeism is due to domestic violence.
The fact of considering the normality of the situation makes it an incident. The 2012 Violence Map: Homicides of Women in Brazil indicates that 51.6% of women victims of domestic violence assisted by the SUS are repeat offenders.
4. Show the relevance of the topic
By indicating the consequences of the problem created by domestic violence, you can highlight the content you are presenting.
Point out the physical or psychological health problems the victims are exposed to, such as: low self-esteem, depression and anxiety, which are factors that inhibit people from having a normal life.
Victims may stop working, which makes them unable to support themselves and, in this sequence, makes them remain dependent on the aggressors, continuing to expose themselves to the acts of violence.
As a cycle, these people also become violent. Besides, the fact of accepting the situation promotes a culture of continuity of it. In this case, this is especially true among victimized children, which contributes to making them aggressors as well.
Furthermore, it is very important to show that there is legislation that aims to combat this problem, something that has to be done little by little, as it involves the cultural issue. This is because, for a long time, it has been a husband's authority to rape his wife.
Only less than a century ago the problem began to receive the necessary attention by the WHO - World Health Organization, and the UN - United Nations.
Brazilian legislation relies on Law No. 11,340/2006, known as the Maria da Penha Law.
This law is named after a druggist victim of domestic violence who fought for years to convict her aggressor, her husband. Thanks to her, the existing laws in this area were reformulated as they neglected some human rights.
Research data carried out in 2013 by the Instituto Patrícia Galvão indicate that the number of complaints of domestic violence increased with this law.
See too: News that may fall into Enem and Vestibular
5. start writing
Structure your ideas in parts: introduction, development and conclusion.
The introduction should not be long. Like the conclusion, it should comprise about three paragraphs.
The development is greater, part in which the subject must be clarified, as well as the data must be presented.
Finally, read it calmly and ensure that the text is understandable and does not stray from the topic. Take the opportunity to correct errors in concordance, spelling and punctuation.
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