King of Castile and Aragon born in the Aragonese locality of Sos, known as the Catholic and married to Isabel I, a Catholic, which unified the Spanish kingdoms of Castile and Aragon and initiated the imperial expansion of the Hispanic nation. Son of John II of Aragon and Joan Enríquez, he was named heir to the throne (1461) and appointed king of Sicily (1468). He married Princess Elizabeth (1469), proclaimed Queen of Castile on the death of Henry IV (1474), and with whom he had children Elizabeth, John, Joan, Catherine and Mary. He assumed the throne on the death of his father (1479), after a prolonged civil war (1474-1479) in the kingdom of Castile, thus instituting the dynastic union of Aragon and Castile, the institutional base of Spain Modern.
A year earlier the Holy Inquisition (1478) had been established in Seville, an independent ecclesiastical court for the eradication of heresy and favor the expulsion of Jews and Moors from the region, of great interest to the Church of Pomegranate. During the first years of his reign, he struggled to assert his authority in Castile, alongside his wife, and to politically transform the kingdom through the implantation of new institutions. The royal power was strengthened against the nobility, the Holy Brotherhood was created to guarantee order, reorganized the army and unified the legislation of the two kingdoms. After a ten-year struggle (1482-1492) he won the kingdom of Granada and expelled the Moors. Finally, he had expelled the Moors and Jews (1492) from Spain, an extremely strategic result for the strengthening of the crown through the support of the Catholic Church.
With the area under control, the royal couple allowed themselves to sponsor the voyages of Christopher Columbus (1492) and receive the title of Catholic kings (1496) from Pope Alexander VI after the troops Spanish, under the command of Gran Capitán Gonçalo Fernández de Córdoba, invaded Italy at the pope's call and expelled the French, in the same year that they also conquered the islands. Canary Islands. With the death of Isabel I (1504), the throne of Castile passed to her daughter Joan, the Madwoman. The widowed king married Germana de Foix (1505), niece of the King of France. He conquered the reign of Navarre (1512), annexed to the crown (1515), completing Spanish unity. So he was king of Aragon (1479-1516), king of Castile and Lyons (1474–1504), king of Sicily (1468-1516) and king of Naples (1504-1516) and was succeeded after his death, in Madrigalejo, Cáceres, by his grandson Carlos, the future emperor Carlos V.
Source: http://www.dec.ufcg.edu.br/biografias/
Order F - Biography - Brazil School
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/biografia/fernando-ii-aragao.htm
