Slander is a lie told about someone acting in bad faith. In legal terms, slander is publicly accuse someone of a crime.
Slurring is saying false statements about someone in a way that offends that person's honor. Practicing slander makes the individual a slanderer, and the act can have legal consequences.
Libel is a crime foreseen by article 138 of the Brazilian Penal Code and is part of the set of honor crimes, along with insult and defamation.
The crime of libel may have a penalty of imprisonment from 6 months to 2 (two) years, in addition to the payment of a fine. In the case of proving the crime, that is, offering proof of its veracity, conviction is avoided. The criminal action of libel is private and filed in the criminal court.
THE electoral slander is a public criminal action and is provided for in article 324 of the Electoral Code. Electoral libel is also a crime, and occurs when a false accusation is made against a candidate for elective office, for electoral propaganda purposes, and with the intention of obtaining advantages in the elections.
The word calumny comes from the Latin calumny, which means "false charge". The term, in turn, comes from the Latin verb bald, which means "cheat".
Difference between slander, defamation and injury
All are considered crimes against honor, according to the Brazilian Penal Code. The difference, however, is in the type of attack on honor.
Slander, as seen, represents the false accusation of a crime, affecting the honor of the person who was accused. Defamation, on the other hand, is related to the act of offending someone's reputation. Finally, injury means offending dignity or decorum.
See more about difference between slander, defamation and slander.