Taiga, coniferous forest or boreal forest is a homogeneous forest of pine and spruce, with needle-shaped (acculated) leaves that do not accumulate snow during the long winter, remaining always green.
The taiga is a forest formation that predominates in the cooler regions of the temperate zone. There is little undergrowth on the ground, such as lichens, mosses and shrubs.
Few broad-leaved trees, such as birch and aspen, can withstand the harsh winters and the plenty of snowfall, conditions for which pine, spruce and most other conifers are fine. adapted.
The taiga is found in part of the territory of the Canada, Norway, Sweden and Finland, where they are called coniferous forest or boreal forest. At Russia, where it covers more than half of the territory, the forest is known as taiga.
The taiga forest is important for the economy of these countries, it serves as raw material for several wood, paper and cellulose industries.
temperate forest
The temperate forest is a typical formation of the temperate climate zone, unlike the taigas, it predominates in lower latitudes, where the oaks, walnuts, beeches, and firs appear, where the wider-leaved conifers, in the harsh winter, lose their sheets. It dominated large areas of Central-Western Europe, it still occurs in Asia, North America and, to a small extent, South America and Australia. In Europe, small forests remain, such as the Black Forest in Germany and the Sherwood Forest in England.
Tropical forest
Topical forest, typical of hot and humid climates, has an extremely heterogeneous formation, where large and medium trees occur. size, such as mahogany, jacaranda, chestnut, cedar, walnut, peroba, among others, in addition to palm trees, shrubs, bryophytes, bromeliads etc.
The tropical forest is the most species-rich formation on the planet, possessing an enormous genetic bank or biodiversity, largely unknown. It occurs in northern South America (Amazon Forest), Africa and Asia.
Tundra
Tundra is a typical vegetation of the polar regions. It is formed by mosses, and some herbaceous species that appear on the ground only in the few months of thaw, when the summer raises the temperature to 4°C on average. It is found parallel to the Arctic Circle, through the far north of Canada and Alaska, until it reaches the north of Russia.
See also
- Tundra