The perspective from which a story is told is called a point of view. Understanding the point of view helps students to effectively analyze literature, improve their skills. critical thinking, help them understand the author's purpose and increase their ability to recognize potentials. biases.
Types of viewpoint
First person: The main character is telling the story. It uses words like 'I' and 'we'.
Second person: The author is telling the story directly to the reader. Use words like 'you' and 'your'.
Third person: The author is telling the story, but he is not part of it. It uses words like 'he', 'she' and 'they'. Some third-person narrators are omniscient, but others have limited knowledge.
Dynamics
1 – Using a point of view anchor chart
Anchor graphics are visual aids to help students work more independently. When an instructor teaches a lesson, key concepts and relevant facts are added to the chart.
The complete anchor chart provides students with a resource they can refer to if they have difficulty remembering steps or concepts in a lesson.
A viewpoint anchor chart reminds students of different viewpoint types with keywords, phrases, and examples of the pronouns used to indicate each type.
For example, a student reads the sentence: “If you give the mouse a biscuit, it will ask for a glass of milk. When you give him the glass of milk, he'll probably ask for a straw.”
He sees the keyword “you”, which indicates that the author is addressing the reader. Based on the keywords in the anchor chart, the student identifies the point of view of the text as a second person.
2 – Point of View Treasure Hunt
Help students become able to correctly identify the point of view with a hunt. Visit the library or provide a wide variety of children's books in the classroom.
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Give students a sheet of paper and a pencil. Instruct them to work alone or in small groups, looking for at least one example (and listing its title and author) of a book for each type of viewpoint.
3 – Pronoun perspective
This hands-on activity will help students gain a more concrete understanding of the three main points of view. First, divide a whiteboard into three sections: 1st person, 2nd person, and 3rd person.
Then select a student to perform an everyday activity, such as making a sandwich. The student will narrate each step using the first person pronouns while completing them. For example, “I'm putting two slices of bread on a plate”.
Write the student's sentence in the 1st person column. Then choose other students to restate the same sentence in the second and third person, writing their sentences in the appropriate column.
Second person: "You are putting two slices of bread on a plate."
Third person: "He is putting two slices of bread on a plate."
Repeat the process for all steps in making a sandwich.
4 – Change of Point of View
Help students understand how point of view changes a story. First, read or tell the traditional story of 'The Three Little Pigs'. Discuss with students how the story would change if it were told in first person by one of the pigs or the wolf, rather than being told in third person.
The third pig wouldn't know anything that happened before his brothers arrived, breathless, at his door. Would he be relieved to be able to help his brothers? Angry that they took the wolf home? Proud that your home is the strongest?
After your discussion, read the text “The True Story of the Three Little Pigs” by Jon Scieszka, which tells the story from the wolf's point of view.
5 – Comparing Points of View
Another way to help students understand the point of view is to choose a book that tells the same story from multiple points of view.
Read the book. Then use a Venn diagram to compare the differences and similarities of events based on the views of two or more characters.
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