Modernism in Brazil – 2nd phase. Authors of the 2nd phase of Modernism

question 1

(PUC-RS)

Do not make verses about events.
No creation or death before poetry.
Before her, life is a static sun,
neither heats nor lights.

One of the constants in the poetic work of Carlos Drummond de Andrade, as verified in the transcribed verses, is:

a) praise of the social man
b) destructive negativism
c) the violation and disintegration of the word
d) the questioning of poetry itself.
e) lyrical pessimism.

question 2

Among the artists who stood out in the national artistic scene, we can highlight Graciliano Ramos, composing the second phase of Modernism, especially in prose. Thus, among the magnificent works he had created, one of them stands out for its theme focused on Brazilian regionalism - Dried lives. About it, try to explain some particularities related to the theme worked by the author in question, emphasizing, above all, the ideological positions he signed - coming from a whole social context dominant. To facilitate your position on the issue, we proposed to describe a passage:

The Whale dog was about to die. He had lost weight, his fur had fallen out in several places, his ribs bulged against a rosy background, where dark spots festered and bled, covered with flies. The sores in his mouth and the swelling of his lips made it difficult to eat and drink.

[...]

Sinha Vitória closed herself in the cabin, towing the frightened children, who guessed misfortune and never tired of repeating the same question: "Are you going to mess with the whale?"

[...]

She was like a member of the family: the three of them played together, so to speak, they didn't differ, they rolled in the sand of the river and in the fluffy manure that was rising, she threatened to cover the pigsty.
They wanted to move the bobbin and open the door, but Miss Vitória took them to the bed of sticks, laid them down and she made an effort to cover their ears: she held the eldest's head between her thighs and spread her hands over her ears. of the second. As the little ones resisted, he scrambled and tried to subdue them, mumbling with energy.
She too had a heavy heart, but she resigned herself: naturally Fabiano's decision was necessary and fair. Poor Whale.
[...]

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