There are several types of climate in the world that are determined by many factors, one of which is directly linked to the geographic location in the Earth globe, as planet Earth has a spherical shape, it receives sunlight in a different way and this is what produces the climatic bands, which they are:
High latitude climatic ranges: The incidence of solar rays occurs in an extremely inclined way, this characteristic favors the formation of temperatures around 10ºC. The occurrence of rain is relatively low, not exceeding 500 mm per year. The seasons of the year are well defined, with only summers and winters being noticed. The first has a short duration with mild temperatures. The second is rigorous with very low temperatures.
Mid-latitude climate ranges: average temperatures remain around 10ºC, reaching up to 20ºC, the masses that exert influence are polar and equatorial/tropical. In this case, seasons of the year are perceived in their entirety.
Low latitude climate ranges: the sun's rays fall almost perpendicularly, given this factor, temperatures are high, on average always above 20ºC. However, rainfall indices are in great contrast, as there are regions with rainfall above 2,000 mm per year, whereas elsewhere it does not exceed 25 mm. The air masses that prevail in this range are tropical and equatorial.
High mountain climate: In these places, temperatures are not directly linked to latitude, but rather to altitude. This varies with the sun's rays and the wind. In the mountains, temperatures are low and the air is humid.
By Eduardo de Freitas
Graduated in Geography
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/faixas-climaticas.htm
