Basketball is a highly popular sport in the United States. Here in Brazil, we have several high-profile athletes who have left their marks not only here in our country, but which also became known worldwide, as is the case of Hortência, Paula, Janeth and Oscar Schmidt. But, unfortunately, this sport does not have popular acceptance in our country, so its practice is restricted to schools and clubs, as is the case with handball.
Basketball is said to have been created in 1891 by James Naismith, a Presbyterian pastor who was Physical Education teacher at the Young Men's Christian Association (ACM) of Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. U.S. It is said that a group of students, unable to practice outdoor sports due to the cold, asked the teacher to create a collective game that could be played indoors. In response to the request, Naismith divided the students into two teams, agreed that the students could only walk with the ball as long as they hit the ground and defined the objective: the team that hit the ball the most times won the game. basket. It is said that in the beginning, every time the ball was hit in the basket, they had to catch it with the help of a ladder. Only later did someone come up with the idea of cutting the bottom of the basket, causing the ball to fall back onto the court. The rules were made official, first in the club itself, in the ACM bulletin in 1892, and later in 1932, with the foundation of the International Federation of Amateur Basketball (FIBA).
Officially, the measurements of the basketball court have dimensions of at least 26m long by 14m wide. Baskets must be fixed to structures 3.05m off the ground and located at the ends of the court. The matches last for four periods of 10 minutes, with the exception of the American Championship (NBA), where the times last 12 minutes.
Basketball scoring differs from other sports: in football, handball and volleyball, any score adds a point to the team. Not so in basketball: free-throw shots are worth one point; baskets under normal playing conditions add two points; and, when the shot is taken before the line 6,2m from the basket, the team gains three points (this is why this line is also known as the three line).
As already mentioned, the player can only walk with the ball, bouncing it (hitting it to the ground). Therefore, it is considered a foul when: a) the player takes more than two steps without hitting the ball; b) hold it for more than five seconds without throwing it, either to the basket or to another player on your team; c) stay more than three seconds inside the bottle or touch the arm and hand of whoever has the ball.
Finally, the fundamentals of basketball will be listed below:
- Jump: is a type of throw made from a jump. This is to make it difficult for the marker to prevent the move;
- Tray: this shot is executed running towards the basket;
- Rebounds: when a shot is missed, there is the opportunity to get the ball back for your team: this is called a rebound;
- Feints: are the movements that players make with the ball, whose objective is to deceive the opponent.
By Paula Rondinelli
Brazil School Collaborator
Graduated in Physical Education from the São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP
Master in Motricity Sciences from the São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP
PhD student in Latin American Integration at the University of São Paulo - USP
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* image credits: Aspen Photo / shutterstock
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/educacao-fisica/basquetebol.htm