People who have a psychological illness do not usually show physical manifestations overt. More commonly called disturbances, dysfunctions, inconveniences or disturbances, many psychological illnesses currently known are attributed to the lifestyle, culture and society in which the person lives. Depression and anxiety are examples of psychological illnesses common in today's industrialized societies.
In health services, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is used as a reference. (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (CID).
The DSM is a classification system that organizes each psychiatric diagnosis into five levels, listing disturbances, disorders, disturbances and dysfunctions in them. This manual is followed by all mental health professionals.
- Axis I: clinical disorders, including mainly mental disorders, as well as developmental and learning problems. In this axis it is common to include disorders such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, ADHD and schizophrenia;
- Axis II: personality or invasive disorders, as well as mental retardation. Axis II includes disorders such as borderline personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder;
- Axis III: acute medical conditions or physical disorders;
- Axis IV: environmental or psychosocial factors contributing to disorders;
- Axis V: Global Assessment of Functions (Global Assessment of Functioning) or Global Rating Scale for Children (Children's Global Assessment Scale) for young people under 18 years old.
Like the DSM, the classification of psychological illnesses in the ICD is also followed by mental health professionals.
1- Mental and Behavioral Disorders
1.1- Organic mental disorders, including symptomatic ones;
1.2- Mental and behavioral disorders resulting from the use of psychoactive substances;
1.3- Schizophrenia, schizotypal disorders and delusional disorders;
1.4- Mood disorders [affective];
1.5- Neurotic disorders, stress-related disorders and somatoform disorders;
1.6- Behavioral syndromes associated with physiological dysfunctions and physical factors;
1.7- Distortions of personality and adult behavior;
1.8- Mental retardation;
1.9- Psychological development disorders;
1.10- Behavioral disorder and emotional disorders that usually appear during childhood or adolescence;
1.11- Unspecified mental disorder.
In the section Psychological Diseases you will have access to articles related to mental disorders and disorders that affect people in today's societies. These are articles that inform about the causes, symptoms and treatment of these diseases.
Are we going to learn a little more about them?
Paula Louredo
Graduated in Biology
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/doencas/doencas-psicologicas.htm
