After India's involvement in a 1962 border dispute with China, Indian military power increased significantly. The defeat against China promoted a strengthening of the Indian lines of fire. During this same period, India was trying to gradually integrate Kashmir, making the region an area of legal control of the Indian government.
In an uprising in December 1963 over the theft of a relic from the mosque in Hazratbal, Pakistani authorities saw the incident as an opportunity to crack down on Indian action in the Kashmir. Thus, India and Pakistan returned to war for control of Kashmir. Once again, using infiltrated soldiers, the Pakistani army began, in 1965, the occupation of the Kashmir Valley in the so-called Operation Gibraltar.
Not obtaining the expected local mobilization, the Pakistani camouflaged troops were easily overpowered by Indian forces. However, persisting in their military objective, new Pakistani troops have opened a new battlefront across southern Kashmir. Counting on the surprise of this new attack, the Pakistanis managed to enter the Indian territory, even threatening India's connection with Kashmir.
To quell the Pakistani threat, India invaded Pakistan's border, taking over parts of Punjabi province, a region neighboring the capital Lahore. The Pakistanis tried to retaliate against the Indian advance by sending troops to the Khem Karan region. However, Indian troops had already anticipated this maneuver by the Pakistan Armed Forces.
In this way, India managed to beat the Pakistanis. During the month of September, conflicts were heading towards another impasse between the two countries. At that time, the United Nations once again became involved in the issue, demanding a ceasefire. In early 1966, the two nations signed the Treaty of Tashkent, which sealed the end of the conflict.
20th century - wars - Brazil School
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/guerras/ii-guerra-caxemira.htm