Displacement and spacetraveled they are related but different physical quantities. While displacement is a vector physical magnitude, the space traveled is scalar. The displacement is the magnitude of the vector that connects the final and initial positions of a rover, while the space traveled is the sum of all linear displacements of a rover.
See too: Mechanics - area of Physics that studies the movement of bodies
Displacement
Displacement is a greatnessvector which can be calculated from the difference between two other vector quantities: the final position (SF) and the starting position (S0) of a piece of furniture. In other words, the displacement of a body equivalent to distancebetween these two positions, therefore, if this body moves and returns to the same position from which it started, its displacement will have been null.
Look at the figure below, where you can see two points, SF and S0. The arrow connecting these two points is what we call the vectordisplacement.
The displacement vector modulus (ΔS) tells us what is the distance between the start and arrival point of a rover. Such distance can be obtained from the values of the components of the displacement vector. In the case of a displacement that occurs in two directions (x and y), the displacement vector modulus can be obtained from the Pythagorean theorem. The situation in this case is analogous to what we study in Mathematics for the distance between two points.
Another way to calculate is to add the different displacement vectors that give rise to the resulting displacement. In the figure below, we can see two arrows, d1 and of2, which represent two distinct displacements.
Displacement formula
The formula used to calculate displacement is simple and consists of distance between two points.
sF – final position
s0 – starting position
Displacement can also be obtained using the Pythagorean theorem, if we already know the size of the x and y components of the displacement vector.
Lookalso:How to perform operations with vectors?
space traversed
Space traveled is a scalar greatness, unlike displacement. The space or distance traveled is the sum of the modules of each rectilinear displacement that results in the total displacement of the body. In addition, the space traveled can be calculated by adding up all the distances that the body travels to reach the final position. The space traveled is also often called displacementclimb.
See too: Tips for solve kinematics exercises
Exercises on displacement and space traversed
Question 1 — To carry out his morning deliveries, a newspaper delivery person moves according to the figure below. Each of the squares represents a court, whose side is equal to 150 m.
Determine the distance traveled by the postman and his total displacement, in approximate values.
a) 450 m and 450 m
b) 450 and 474 m
c) 150 m and 300 m
d) 300 m and 150 m
Resolution:
To find the space covered, just add the sides of the blocks that the postman covered, which results in 450 m. Displacement, in turn, requires us to calculate the hypotenuse of the triangle in the figure, which coincides with the magnitude of the displacement vector. For that, we use the Pythagorean theorem:
Based on the calculation, the correct answer for this exercise is the letter B.
Question 2 — A Formula 1 car travels a closed circuit whose length is 5.5 km. Knowing that, during a complete race, the car completes 20 laps on this track, determine the space traveled and the displacement of that vehicle during a complete race.
a) 0 km and 110 km
b) 110 km and 0 km
c) 55 km and 55 km
d) 0 km and 55 km
Resolution:
The total space covered by the Formula 1 car is 110 km, as it completes 20 laps on a 5.5 km track. The displacement, in turn, is null, since the car returns to the same place where the race started, so the correct alternative is the letter B.
By Rafael Hellerbrock
Physics teacher
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/fisica/deslocamento-e-espaco-percorrido.htm