Zona da Mata is a northeastern sub-region located on the coast.
It receives this name because it was originally covered by the Atlantic Forest, however, currently, this biome is almost extinct from the place.
Main features
Map and Location
Map of northeastern sub-regions: mid-north, sertão, agreste and forest zone
Zona da Mata is a large stretch of coastline bathed by the Atlantic Ocean.
It covers six states in Brazil: Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and Bahia.
Climate
The predominant climate in the region is the tropical wet. It has high temperatures (average of 25 degrees) and heavy rainfall in autumn and winter, due to its proximity to the ocean.
It is important to note that the wet masses coming from the ocean cannot surpass high regions such as the Planalto da Borborema and, therefore, they precipitate in the Zona da Mata.
Relief and Vegetation
The relief is marked by the plains region. The region's soil has been explored since colonization, although it is still fertile.
Previously, the entire region was covered by the Atlantic forest, one of the biomes that harbors the greatest biodiversity in the country.
However, due to its extensive exploration and population, this vegetation cover was being deteriorated.
It is still possible to find medium and large trees, characteristic of this biome. There is also the presence of coastal vegetation close to the ocean.
Economy
Zona da Mata is the most populous, urbanized region in the Northeast, with several businesses, industries and mills.
There are the largest capitals in the Northeast (Salvador, Recife, Maceió, Aracaju, João Pessoa, Natal) and, therefore, the largest concentrations of income.
Salvador (BA) is one of the largest economic centers in the forest zone
Large productions of sugar cane, coffee, tobacco and cocoa are found. In addition, oil exploration moves a large part of the local economy.
Tourism is a very strong activity in the region, as the place brings together several beaches and islands with white sand and warm waters.
Although it is one of the northeastern regions with the highest concentration of income, on the other hand, there is a large concentration of slums and social problems, such as inequalities and high levels of violence.
In addition, there are several environmental problems such as excessive pollution and destruction of the local natural habitat.
Read more about the region:
- Northeast region
- wild
- Sertão
- Northeast States
- Northeast Region Climate
- Northeast Region Economy
- drought in the northeast
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