Italian Benedictine born in Brescia, professor of mathematics in Pisa and Rome, regarded by many as the father of the school hydraulics, by virtue of having published Della misura delle acque correnti, the first Italian book on the subject (1628). He adopted the name Benendetto after joining the order of the Benedictines (1595). He lived in the monastery of Pásua (1604-1607) and was one of Galileo's students.
After receiving a copy of Sidereus Nuncius in Brescia (1610), he moved to Florence (1611) and he began to research hydraulics with Galileo and on his recommendation he became a professor at Pisa (1613). He defended the Copernican theory and became a consultant to the Pope (1626) for river affairs in the Papal States and professor of mathematics at the University of Rome. In Rome he published the important work on hydraulics, Della Misura dell'Acque Correnti (1628), a book considered to mark the foundation of modern hydrodynamics.
He also made important discoveries in lighting, a subject on which he independently formulated the photometric law, vision and imaging and diaphragms in telescopes. He was also a pioneer in studies on differential absorption by different colors. He redefined the principle of continuity with Catelli's famous law and died in Rome. (See more in Filippo Arredi, Intorno al trattato 'Della misura dell'acqua correnti' di Benedetto Castell, Annali dei Lavori Pubblici, no. 2 (1933).
Source: Biographies - Academic Unit of Civil Engineering / UFCG
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