Meaning: / Meaning: * “Infinite mode of the verb che assumes in forma invaribile and in propozioni secondarie, valore circostanziale rispetto all'azione espressa dalla proposizione principale; in Italian ha due tempi, present (mangiando) and passato (avendo mangiato).” / Infinitive mode of the verb that takes the invariable form and in secondary sentences, circumstantial value in relation to the action expressed by the main sentence; the Italian has two tenses, present (eating) and past (having eaten).
* Definition taken from the Dizionario Italiano Sabatini – Coletti edits dalla Casa Editrice Giunti.
Come si see, il gerundio ha due tempi: present and past. Vedrai loose adhesion to the tempo passato (la sua formazione)./ As can be seen, the gerund has two tenses: present and past. You will now only see the past tense (your training).
Osservassioni:/ Remarks:
All’italiano il gerundio passato non è molto usato and generally viene sotituto dalle phrase comes: ‘Ha passato all’esame perché ha studiato.’ all’invece di ‘Avendo studiato ha passato all’esame.
Please note that the gerundium passes with ESSERE if you do not read the general regulation to the rispetto della agreement./ Don't forget that the gerund composed with the ‘ESSERE’ follows the general rules regarding concordance.
Come formare il gerundio passato? / How to form the compound gerund?
Osserva sotto la formula: / See the formula below:
Gerundio present I gave verbi ESSERE or AVERE + participle passato del verb
Vedi degli esempi: / See some examples:
Aprire - I sellgrip/ Open - having opened
Chiudere – I sellchiuso / Close - having closed
Vedere - I sellvisa / See - having seen
Rimanere - I sellrismasto / Stay (remain) - having stayed or having remained
Floor - beingandato / Go - having gone
Fare - I sellsuit / Do - having done
Buy - I sellpurchase / Buy - having bought
Bere - I sellbevy / Drinking – having been drinking
Vedi delle frasi: / See some sentences:
1) beingandati presto sono arrivati a Milano alle 22 ore./ They, having gone early, arrived in Milan at 10 pm.
2) I sellsuit Tutto che voleva al lavoro, Anna is arrivata in ritardo alla cena./ Having done everything she wanted at work, Anna arrived late for dinner.
3) I sellbevy molto alla festa Paolo è rimasto ubbriaco. / Having drunk too much at the party, Paolo got drunk.
4) I sellchiuso le porte non c’ère vento al saloto./ Having closed the doors, there was no wind in the room.
5) I sellvisa quel film ho scoperto che mi piace lo stilo tragico. / Having seen that movie, I found that I like the drama.
6) I sellgrip i negozi sono andata a comprarmi una bella gonna./ Having opened the stores, I went to buy myself a nice skirt.
7) I sellpurchase tutto sono andata a casa./ Having bought everything, I went home.
8) beingrhymed a Roma sono andate più di una return alla Piazza Barberini./ Having stayed in Rome, they went to Piazza Barberini more than once.
Osservassone:/ Note:
If you want to know a po’ di più sull’argoment ‘gerundio’, access the text “Gerundio.”. And if you go to capire sul ‘passage participle’, you can access the text “Participle: present and passato.”/ If you want to know a little more about the subject 'gerund', access the text: "Gerund.”. And if you want to understand about 'past participle', just access the text: "Partition: present and past.”.
Isabela Reis de Paula
Brazil School Collaborator
Graduated in Languages with Qualification in Portuguese and Italian
By the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ
Italian - Brazil School
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/italiano/gerundio-passato-composto.htm