History teacher and famous writer from Minas Gerais, born in Paracatu, who played a pioneering role in trends regionalists in Brazilian literature, due to the orientation that prevailed in their stories, resulting from experiences in contact with the middle. Graduated in law (1889) in São Paulo, he later settled in Ouro Preto, where he taught Brazilian history at the Liceu Mineiro and founded the Law Faculty of Minas Gerais. A monarchist, in 1897, at the time of the Canudos war, he took over the direction of the newspaper Comércio de São Paulo, in which he campaigned for the restoration of the monarchy.
Member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters (1901), he lived in Paris at the end of his life, but without leaving Brazilian inland roots, even dying on board, during a visit to his Earth. Uncle of the other famous Afonso Arinos, his most important publications were: Pelo sertão (1898), Os jagunços (1898) and the collection of articles, Notes of the day (1900). Posthumously published were: The diamond contractor (1917), The unit of the fatherland (1917), Brazilian Legends and Traditions (1917), The Field Master (1918) and the short stories Histories and landscapes (1921).
Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco
Brazilian jurist, professor, essayist, historian and politician born in Belo Horizonte, MG, known as an enemy of prejudice and author of a law against racial discrimination. He was the grandson of Cesário Alvim, a prominent figure in the empire and the first republic, and also the nephew of Afonso Arinos, author of For the sertão, and brother of Virgílio Alvim de Melo Franco, exponent of revolutionary youth (1930) and of redemocratization (1945). Began his studies in Belo Horizonte, later moving to Rio de Janeiro (1914) Enrolled in Colégio Pedro II, began to reveal a taste for literature and was a contributor to the student magazine Spring.
He graduated from the Faculty of Law of Rio de Janeiro (1927) and soon afterwards held the position of public prosecutor in the capital of Minas Gerais. Back in Rio de Janeiro, he published his first books. He became a professor at the University of the Federal District (1936), now the State University of Rio de Janeiro, at the Rio Branco Institute and at the University of Brazil, now the Federal University of Rio de January. Alternate deputy took office (1947) becoming known for drafting the law (1951) that bears his name, to prohibit racial discrimination, passed on July 3rd. Three more consecutive terms followed and he became a staunch opponent of the government (1943).
When Getúlio Vargas was elected president, he continued in the opposition, even suggesting (1954), in the famous speech pronounced on August 9 that the president should resign, but Vargas' suicide, committed 15 days later, shocked him. deep. Opponent of President Juscelino Kubitschek. he was elected senator for the then Federal District (1958), chaired the Committee on Foreign Affairs and, later, the Committee on Constitution and Justice of the Senate. In that same year, he took up a chair at the Academia Brasileira de Letras.
He was a senator until two years after the military coup he supported, was twice removed from office for assume the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in the Jânio Quadros government and during the regime parliamentary. He was the writer of the Declaration of Human Rights (1967) and one of the organizers of the National Renewal Alliance, ARENA. Upon realizing the regime's deviation towards dictatorship, he broke with the coupists only to return to the political scene twenty years later. In the two decades he was absent from Congress (1967-1987), he refused to participate in any election under the military regime and devoted himself to letters.
With the redemocratization, at the invitation of José Sarney, he assumed the presidency (1985) of the Provisional Commission of Constitutional Studies, today the Afonso Arinos Commission, which prepared the draft of the future Constitution (1988). At 81, he was again elected senator (1986) by the newly founded Liberal Front Party, the PFL. In addition to parliamentary works, speeches and conferences, he was the author of several books on history, law, politics, memoirs and criticism and died in Rio de Janeiro, RJ.
He wrote about sixty titles, including Introduction to Brazilian reality (1933), Preparation for nationalism (1934), Concept of Brazilian civilization (1936), The Brazilian Indian and the French Revolution: the Brazilian origins of the theory of natural goodness (1937), statesman of the republic (1955) and Rodrigues Alves, heyday and decline of presidentialism (1973), as well as titles on constitutional law and volumes of memories.
Source: http://www.dec.ufcg.edu.br/biografias/
Order A - Biography - Brazil School
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/biografia/afonso-arinos.htm