Spanish monarch (1621-1665) and King of Portugal and of the Algarves from this and beyond in Africa (1621-1640) born in Valladolid, whose reign marked the the beginning of the decadence of the Spanish empire and the restoring movement of the independence of Portugal was carried out as a result of the Revolution in Alentejo (1640). Son of Philip III and Margaret of Austria, he succeeded his father (1621), King of Spain and Portugal, and took over a disastrous foreign policy, for 22 years handed over to the incompetent Count-Duke of Olivares, Gaspar de Guzman. As several European countries were then in open struggle against Spain, in the so-called Thirty Years War, this significantly benefited the recovery of Portuguese independence.
The revolt in Catalonia, which was also fighting for independence, indirectly favored the Portuguese position, as it alleviated the pressure exerted against the Portuguese country. The separatist rebellion in Portugal (1637-1640) which now has its own king, D. João IV, the restorer, grandson of the candidate for the throne (1580) D. Catarina de Bragança, they finally made the king depose Olivares (1643), but it was too late and Spain had lost control over Portugal and the Netherlands, and fought rebellions in Catalonia, Andalusia and Aragon. It was notable that during the Thirty Years War she achieved remarkable victories, but Hispanic external power declined. Spain continued to lose several cities, ports and war squares, at various points in the globe, some places have been lost forever, while others have been regained by the force of weapons.
He replaced Olivares with Luis Méndez de Haro, who remained in power until he died (1661). With no favourites, the sovereign ruled without a head of government until the end of his reign. With Spain weakened by military defeats and economic and social collapse, the king died in Madrid, and was succeeded by Carlos II, who would become the last king of the house of Austria in Spain. He married (1615) with D. Isabel de Bourbon (1603-1644), daughter of the King of France and later a widower (1644), married in second nuptials (1649) with D. Mary Anne of Austria, the mother of his successor Charles II of Spain (1661-700).
Source: http://www.dec.ufcg.edu.br/biografias/
Order F - Biography - Brazil School
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/biografia/filipe-iv-espanha.htm
