What happens to your brain if you lose an arm?

Delicate situations – such as needing to put your arm in a cast – alter the “behavior” of the brain. The name of the phenomenon, known as neuroplasticity, refers to the way in which this powerful organ changes its way of functioning to adapt to a new situation or type of restriction. See more about this curiosity.

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Researchers at the University of Washington studied the influence of brain neuroplasticity in areas considered to be in disrepair by the brain. The idea is to verify the impact on the activity of this organ when a person suddenly has an area that is prevented from being used.

In the research in question, the participants had their arm in a cast.

Arm in cast for two weeks

The study, which took place over two months, scanned participants' brains several times a day to identify the brain functions of people with motor restrictions. Two distinct moments were captured: the individuals' brain activity before putting the arm in a cast – to see issues such as strength and motor control – and the period after the restriction.

In the study, participants had to keep their dominant arms in a cast for two weeks to assess brain movement on MRI scans. The results showed that areas in disuse, that is, those that were in plaster, suffered a decrease in the activity of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Two areas responsible for processing movement.

On the other hand, as for the arm that was free and was considered the non-dominant, there was a record of increased activities in a percentage that varies from 15 to 24%; however, still according to the scientists, although an increase in use was noticed, motor skills did not show significant improvement.

Brain plasticity and adverse circumstances

The study points to something that many people already know: brain plasticity. It is known as the ability of the brain to change its way of behaving and functioning, depending on the situation in question.

Although the non-dominant arm experienced an increase in certain motor functions, the cast arm – with an impediment to movement – ​​was not atrophied. In this way, brain plasticity demonstrates that, even in a delicate situation, the brain will, in addition to maintaining the region that is prevented from moving relatively active to protect the place, develop other functions.

That's why we remember: when you are in a situation somewhat more serious and beyond your control, know that your brain and body will be working to help you overcome this moment.