Deficiency is any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function. It represents the externalization of a pathological state and in principle reflects disturbances at the organ level.
In this way, the meaning of disability is different from the meaning of inability, which in turn means any restriction or lack of ability (resulting from a disability) to perform an activity in a manner considered “normal”. Disability represents the objectification of a disability and reflects disturbances in the person.
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What is visual impairment?
Visual impairment is the total or partial impairment of vision, which can be congenital or acquired. The severity of the problem can vary and, therefore, there are three types of disability: low vision or low vision, close to blindness It is blindness.
- low vision – in cases of low vision, the deficiency is compensated with the use of magnifying glasses, magnifying glasses, telescope, with the aid of canes and orientation training.
- close to blindness – it is diagnosed that the person is close to blindness when he is able to distinguish light and shadow, but already uses the Braille system to read and write, uses voice resources to access computer programs, walks with a cane and needs skills training guidance.
- Blindness – the diagnosis of blindness occurs when there is no perception of light. In this case, the use of the Braille system, cane and orientation and mobility training are no longer optional and become essential.
O diagnosis of visual impairment can only be done by a doctor with ophthalmology, and can be done from a very early age, except in cases of degenerative diseases, that is, those that evolve over time, such as cataracts and glaucoma.
Thus, it is important to remember that periodic consultation with an ophthalmologist is extremely important so that possible health problems in the eyes are identified at the beginning.
In addition, despite being diseases that normally appear with age, cataracts and glaucoma can be congenital, thus making it possible to identify when the child is born.
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