Genetics is the area of Biology that studies the nature and laws of heredity, their action and mechanisms of transmission across generations, that is: how characteristics are transmitted from parents to children via genes. To study it, it is necessary to have some concepts clear. Here are some more concepts:
Meiosis: cell division responsible for the formation of gametes, with the final number of chromosomes, in the daughter cells, reduced by half.
Mitosis: cell multiplication process that results in daughter cells identical to the mother cell and is responsible for the growth of the organism.
Population: individuals of the same species that occupy the same location and are capable of reproducing and generating viable and fertile offspring.
Inheritance: symbology used to present individuals from the same family and the kinship relationships between them. The pedigree makes it easy to see the problem.
Mind Map: Concepts in Genetics
* To download the mind map in PDF, Click here!
Character: union of information that identifies the individual.
Congenital Character: characteristic present in a given individual since birth.
Phenocopy: characteristic acquired due to environmental factors.
Transgenic: an individual who has genes from unrelated species, which would not occur without the help of genetic engineering.
Self-fertilization: sexual reproduction that occurs between male and female gametes present in the same individual.
Clone: individuals genetically identical to another, arising from asexual reproduction.
DNA: molecule consisting of two strands of nucleotides wound on each other, in a shape similar to a helix, and linked by hydrogen bonds.
*Mental Map by Ma. Vanessa Sardinha
By Mariana Araguaia
Graduated in Biology
