The biosphere is made up of a series of natural elements that favor the development of life. Nature and all its elements work like a machine where each one has its importance.
The native vegetation cover of a given region is directly linked to the characteristics of the climate that encompasses the space. In this way, some plant species manage to develop positively under humid climatic conditions, unlike others that adapt to drier conditions.
Where there is an arid and semiarid climate, the plants have thorns instead of leaves, like the cactus species. This occurs to reduce the loss of moisture that happens with the evapotranspiration process, in this way, the water is stored longer inside the plant.
Just as the climate influences plant formation, this influences the climate in certain places in the world. An example of this are the tropical and equatorial forests of the Amazon in South America, the Congo forest in Africa that are responsible for emit huge percentages of moisture into the atmosphere, this occurs with the transpiration of the leaves of forest vegetables, that is, evapotranspiration.
In addition to contributing to the climate composition, vegetation contributes directly to the soil, fertilizing it with organic matter derived from leaves, branches, fruits that fall and go through the decomposition process, turning into nutrients, not to mention that plant roots impede the development of erosions.
By Eduardo de Freitas
Graduated in Geography
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/a-relacao-entre-vegetacao-clima-solo.htm