Right alternative: a) I hope you take advantage of private lessons.
“from the private lessons” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of the noun profit, that is, it is indispensable.
As for the remaining alternatives:
b) Cousins from the countryside arrive today.
“from the interior” is an adjoint adjunct, because it has the function of an adjective. It does not complete the meaning of the noun primas, but rather characterizes it, so it is dispensable.
c) The classes were fruitful.
“profitable” is the subject's predicament, as it is attributing a quality to the subject “the classes” through the connecting verb were.
d) I like exotic places.
“from exotic places” is an indirect object, which is a verbal complement, because it completes the sense of a verb (and not of a name, like the nominal complement). In this case, the indirect object is completing the verb like.
e) I trust you.
“in you” is an indirect object, which is a verbal complement, because it completes the sense of a verb (and not of a noun, like the nominal complement). In this case, the indirect object is completing the verb trust.
The nominal complements are: with the novelty, from the actress, from home. All of them complete the sense of a name (adjective, adverb and noun, respectively) and are introduced by a preposition:
“with the novelty” completes the meaning of the adjective “happy” (Happy with the novelty).
“of the actress” completes the meaning of the adverb “near” (to live near the actress).
“de house” completes the sense of the noun “change” (change of house).
The text also presents indirect object and adnominal adjunct, which can sometimes be confused with nominal complements.
“for friends” is an indirect object, because it completes the meaning of a verb (and not a noun, like the noun complement). In this case, the indirect object is completing the verb to call (Did you call who?). To call is an indirect transitive verb, as it needs a complement with a preposition.
“of the school” is an adnominal adjunct, because it does not complete, but rather characterizes the noun friends, that is, it has the function of an adjective, so it is dispensable. The nominal complement, in turn, completes a name and, therefore, is indispensable.
The right alternative: b) Let us be useful to society.
“to society” completes the meaning of the noun useful, that is why it is indispensable in prayer. As such, it is a nominal complement.
As for the remaining alternatives:
a) The poor need help.
“of help” complements the meaning of the verb need (What do the poor need?). Needing is an indirect transitive verb, as it needs a complement with a preposition.
c) Men aspire to peace.
“to peace” complements the sense of the verb aspire, which in this sentence has the sense of desire, will and is an indirect transitive verb, as it needs a complement with a preposition.
d) Orders were placed by us.
“for us” is an agent of the liability, that is, it is the term that indicates who made the requests.
e) Reading expands our knowledge.
“our knowledge” complements the sense of the verb to enlarge (What does reading enlarge?). Ampliar is a direct transitive verb, as it needs a complement without a mandatory preposition.
Right alternative: d) Stay away from me.
“from me” completes the meaning of a name, which is the adverb far away, which is why it is indispensable in prayer. As such, it is a nominal complement.
As for the remaining alternatives:
a) I doubt your intention.
“of your intention” complements the meaning of the verb to doubt (Doubt of what?). Doubt is an indirect transitive verb, as it needs a complement with a preposition.
b) The store's customers left satisfied.
“of the store” is an adnominal adjunct, because it does not complete the noun customers, but rather characterizes it, that is, it has the function of an adjective, so it is dispensable. The nominal complement, in turn, completes a name and, therefore, is indispensable.
c) Ask them why.
“to them” and “the reason” are verbal complements, because they complete the sense of the verb to ask, which is a verb direct and indirect transitive, as it needs a complement with a preposition and others without a preposition. who?). “to him” is an indirect object, “the reason” is a direct object.
e) Left the children alone.
“alone” is predicative of the object, because it characterizes the direct object (the children). The direct object completes the verb leave (Left what?).
Right alternative: c) Be persistent in your choices.
“in your choices” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of a name, which is the persistent adjective. Because it completes the adjective, it is indispensable in the sentence, being thus a nominal complement.
As for the remaining alternatives:
a) It was transported by classmates.
“by colleagues” is an agent of liability, that is, it is the term that indicates who transported it.
“de class” is an adnominal adjunct, because it does not complete the noun colleagues, but rather characterizes it, that is, it has the function of an adjective, so it is dispensable. The nominal complement, in turn, completes a name and, therefore, is indispensable.
b) Your career has made your parents proud.
“proud” is predicative of the object, because it characterizes the direct object (its parents). The direct object completes the verb leave (Left what?).
d) The Brazilian team plays today.
“do Brasil” is an adnominal adjunct, because it does not complete the noun selection, but rather characterizes it, that is, it has the function of an adjective, so it is dispensable. The nominal complement, in turn, completes a name and, therefore, is indispensable.
e) The audience was overjoyed.
“radiant” is predicative of the subject, because it characterizes the subject (public), which in this case is done through the connecting verb (stayed).
Correct alternative: b) I was afraid of losing him.
“of losing it” is a nominal complement, as it completes the meaning of a name, which is the noun fear. Because it completes the noun, it is indispensable in the sentence, being thus a nominal complement.
As for the remaining alternatives:
a) Sanches was cold.
“cold” is predicative of the subject, because it characterizes the subject Sanches, which in this case is done through the linking verb was.
c) Expressed himself briefly.
“briefly” is an adverbial adjunct, because it modifies the sense of the verb to express.
d) The case was different.
“other” is predicative of the subject, because it characterizes the case subject, which is done through the connecting verb was.
e) Maneuvered, then, to return to the charge.
“to cargo” is an indirect object, which is a verbal complement, because it completes the meaning of the verb to return.
Right alternative: d) adjunct and nominal complement.
“of a lapsed world” is an adnominal adjunct, because it does not complete, but rather characterizes the poet noun, that is, it has the function of an adjective, so it is dispensable. The nominal complement, in turn, completes a name and, therefore, is indispensable.
“to life” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of a name, which is the adjective attached. Because it completes the adjective, it is indispensable in the sentence, being thus a nominal complement.
a) Is he afraid of cockroaches?
“of cockroach” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of a name, which is the noun fear (Are you afraid of what?). Because it completes the noun, it is indispensable in the sentence, being thus a nominal complement.
b) That medicine was bad for the liver.
“to the liver” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of a name, which is the adverb mal (He did harm to what?). Because it completes the adverb, it is indispensable in the prayer, being thus a nominal complement.
c) The completion of the task depends on it.
“of the task” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of a name, which is the noun completion. (Finishing what?). Because it completes the noun, it is indispensable in the sentence, being thus a nominal complement.
d) It did well in the newsroom.
“in the newsroom” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of a name, which is the adverb bem (Well, what was it?). Because it completes the adverb, it is indispensable in the prayer, being thus a nominal complement.
e) It is rich in health.
“in health” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of a name, which is the adjective rich (Is it rich in what?). Because it completes the adjective, it is indispensable in the sentence, being thus a nominal complement.
Right alternative: a) subject predicative and nominal complement.
“important” is predicative of the subject, because it characterizes the subject of books, which is done through the connecting verb are.
“in learning” is a nominal complement, because it completes the meaning of a name, which is the noun value (What books add value to?). Because it completes the noun, it is indispensable in the sentence, being thus a nominal complement.
Right alternatives:
c) “of affect” and “constant” are the subject's nominal complement and predicative, respectively.
"of affection" completes a name, which is the noun necessity. Because it completes the noun, it is indispensable in the sentence, being thus a nominal complement. "constant", in turn, attributes a quality to the subject of necessity.
d) “of affection” is the nominal complement of the noun necessity.
"in fact" completes the name need, which is a noun, because whoever has need needs something (in this case, need for affection).
