Racism is a topic that is currently being discussed a lot, including in Brazil. So, nothing more interesting than being on top of all this discussion to write a good essay, whether in Enem or in the entrance exam.
The best way is to be aware of current news, by reading newspapers, and still know the basic structure of dissertation texts.
Check out some important tips for developing the text below:
1. Concept definition
First of all, we have to think about the definition of the concept of racism, since it still generates many doubts.
Racism is a type of prejudice that is related to races and ethnicities. This concept is supported by the idea of racial superiority, that is, that there are races superior to others.
Here, it is also important to define the different types of racism that exist: individual, institutional, cultural, environmental racism, among others.
In addition, we can increase our repertoire by thinking about other related concepts such as xenophobia and bullying, which are also much discussed nowadays.
2. Research and data collection
After understanding the definition of this concept, we must seek relevant data on the topic. Remember that this data can be part of your writing and, for sure, will give more ownership to the argumentation.
It is important to seek recent data on the racism in Brazil and in the world. Thus, we can think of the reading of Law number 7,716/1989 in which racist attitudes are considered unbailable crimes in Brazil.
Out of curiosity, we can also look for reliable information about the most racist countries. To do this, look for recent research on the topic and from organizations that have some institutional credit.
See too:Enem: everything you need to know
3. Sketch
In this part of preparing the text, we have to organize the ideas outlining everything that was collected. Here, therefore, it is important to build a “skeleton” of the text.
The draft can be prepared in topics and, for this, it is important to keep in mind the basic structure of the dissertation texts: introduction, development and conclusion.
From there, you will put everything that was collected in each part:
- Introduction: definition of racism and outline of the theme that will be outlined, for example: racism in Brazil and its consequences for society.
- Development: argumentation and argumentation counts, for example: law in Brazil, more racist countries and also some recent cases on the subject.
- Conclusion: closing the text with the launch of an idea that prioritizes the improvement of the identified issues, for example: greater intervention by international organizations, revision of the law, approach to the topic in schools, etc.
4. Time to write!
Once the draft was done, it was time to organize all the ideas on paper. Here, we must take into account the basic structure and where everything will fit well.
It is important that the text presents cohesion and coherence. For this, you can consult a table of connectives that will help you to “weave” the sentences better.
Remember that connectives should not be overused just to impress the reviewer of the text. So you can opt for more common connectives, for example: like this, however, initially, etc. The important thing is that the text is coherent and well cohesive.
5. Revision
Nothing is more important than making a final review and seeing if everything is written correctly, or even if there is cohesion between the paragraphs.
It is very important to have spelling and punctuation-free writing. A tip is to read aloud and also read it to someone else. If that person has understood everything that was said and has no doubts, his text may actually be okay.
Fell in Enem!
In the essay test of Enem 2016, the theme was “Ways to fight racism in Brazil”.
Check here the motivating texts used in the test and take the opportunity to write a text on the subject.
Text I
Ascending to the condition of free worker, before or after abolition, blacks saw themselves joined to new forms of exploitation that, although better than slavery, only allowed them to integrate in society and in the cultural world, which became his, as a sub-proletariat compelled to exercise its former role, which continued to be mainly that of a service animal. […] Black people's illiteracy, crime and mortality rates are, therefore, the highest, reflecting the failure of society Brazilian in fulfilling, in practice, its professed ideal of a racial democracy that integrates blacks in the condition of undifferentiated citizens of the too much.
(RIBEIRO, D. The Brazilian people: the formation and meaning of Brazil. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras. 1995. Fragment).
Text II
LAW No. 7716 OF JANUARY 5, 1989
Defines crimes resulting from racial or color prejudice
Art 1 – In accordance with this Law, crimes resulting from discrimination or prejudice based on race, color, ethnicity, religion or national origin will be punished.
(Available at: www.planalto.gov.br - Accessed on: May 25, 2016. Fragment).
Text III
(Available at: www12.senado.leg.br - Accessed on: 25 May 2016).
Text IV
What Are Affirmative Actions
Affirmative actions are public policies carried out by the government or the private sector with the aim of correcting racial inequalities present in society, which have accumulated over the years.
Affirmative action seeks to provide equal opportunities for everyone. Affirmative actions can be of three types: aimed at reversing the negative representation; to promote equal opportunities; and to combat prejudice and racism.
In 2012, the Supreme Court (STF) unanimously decided that affirmative actions are constitutional and essential policies for the reduction of inequalities and discriminations existing in the parents.
In Brazil, affirmative actions are part of an agenda to combat the historical heritage of slavery, racial segregation and racism against the black population.
(Available at: www.seppir.gov.br - Accessed on: May 25, 2016. Fragment)
Writing proposal
From the reading of the motivating texts and based on the knowledge built during your training, write a dissertation-argumentative text in formal written modality of the Portuguese language on the theme "Ways to combat racism in Brazil", presenting a proposal for intervention that respects the human rights. Select, organize and relate, in a coherent and cohesive way, arguments and facts to defend your point of view.
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