THE Cabarge, or Revolta dos Cabanos do Pará, is among the main political uprisings that took place in the BrazilRegency. It thus fits into the context of other uprisings you may have heard of, such as: Malês revolt, Ragamuffin Revolt, Balaiada Revolt in Maranhão and Sabinada Revolt in Bahia.
THE cabin it took place between 1832 and 1840 and, similarly to the other revolts that took place in the same period, its main motivation was the fact that Dom Pedro I had abdicated the throne. With the departure of the emperor from Brazil, several provinces began to rebel against the power established in the capital, Rio de Janeiro. Those in charge of the Regency of Dom Pedro II, who was still a child when his father was removed, sought to exert a strong influence in the administration of the provinces.
However, in a region such as Pará, which was largely isolated from the rest of the country, the scope of Rio de Janeiro's influence was not so precise. See what the historian Boris fausto highlights in his book history of Brazil:
“The hut exploded in Pará, a region loosely linked to Rio de Janeiro. The social structure did not have the stability of other provinces there, nor was there a well-established landowner class. In a world of Indians, mestizos, slave or dependent workers and a white minority, formed by Portuguese traders and a few English and French.” [1]
Most of those involved in the revolt lived in huts, on the banks of the rivers, which is why they received the nickname of cabins. The cabanos rebelled against the governor of the province, whose headquarters were in Belém, in 1832. There was no recognition from the authorities linked to the Regency. In 1835, insurgents invaded and occupied the city of Belém. One of the main leaders at that time was the rubber tapper from Ceará Edwardangelim, a migrant from the drought in the Northeast who settled in Pará to work in rubber extraction.
From that event in 1835, the insurgents waged a war against the Regency forces that lasted until 1840. However, at the time they assumed control of the province, there was no clear development in terms of administrative and social reforms. Also according to historian Boris Fausto:
“The cabanos did not come to offer an alternative organization to Pará, concentrating on attacking the foreigners, to the Freemasons, and in defense of the Catholic religion, the Brazilians, Dom Pedro, Pará and the freedom. It is curious to note that, although among the cabanos there were many slaves, slavery was not abolished. A slave insurrection was even suppressed by Angelim. As can be seen, in the Cabanagem Pará some traces already found in the War of the Cabanos de Pernambuco appear, although between the two movements there was only one relation of name.” [2]
In this conflict, about 30,000 people died, and the loyalist troops linked to the Regency defeated. The city of Belém was practically completely destroyed.
GRADES
[1] FAUSTO, Boris. history of Brazil. São Paulo: EDUSP, 2013. P. 143.
?[2] Idem. P. 143.
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