October 15th is known for being the day that a very important professional is honored: the teacher. Its importance is in practically all instances of our lives, as teachers accompany us from childhood, with our literacy and trajectory during teaching. fundamental, through adolescence, following our development during high school, until the transition to (and into) adult life in higher education, whether in undergraduate or courses postgraduate studies.
The importance of the teacher in our society is remarkable. Despite this, it is often not what is perceived in the school environment and even in society. In addition to the precarious conditions in which many teachers have to teach, the hostile environment is also perceived, with violence, aggressiveness and attempts to censor the teacher, situations that have become common in the classroom. class. Despite this, let's learn a little about the history of the day of this professional who is so significant to our society.
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How did Teacher's Day come about?
Teacher's Day is celebrated annually on October 15th due to a law enacted at the time of first reign. This law was instituted by the emperor Dom Pedro I exactly in the October 15, 1827 and is commonly known as the General Law on Elementary Education. It is considered a landmark in Brazil for having been the first to regulate issues related to the Brazilian educational system.
With seventeen articles, this law addressed issues related to the decentralization of education, that is, it determined as the responsibility of the provinces (currently corresponding to the states), cities and towns issues related to education. The law also dealt with the curriculum, salary and obligations of teachers.
One of the interesting points that this law addressed was the work performed by women in the role of teacher. Article 13 stipulated that "the masters will earn the same wages and bonuses granted to the masters"1. Although the law addresses several themes and has many innovative issues at the time, little was actually applied, and the schools created from that date continued to function precarious.
The choice of October 15th to be Teacher's Day was a suggestion by a São Paulo teacher named Salomão Becker.
The creation of Teacher's Day on the 15th, however, was only suggested in the 20th century, more precisely in 1947. This date was suggested by the teacher Solomon Becker for education professionals to have a rest day in the second semester, as this period in the school calendar was extensive at the time. Salomão Becker was well known for his love of education and the act of teaching.
From that moment on, the Teacher's Day celebration on October 15th became popular and spread across the country. The result of this was that, in 1963, the then presidentJoão Goulart signed the Decree No. 52,682 of October 14, 1963, ratifying the creation of the Teacher's Day and determining that day as a school holiday.
The decree in question contains the following information:
Art. 1st October 15th, dedicated to the Teacher, is declared a school holiday.
Art. 2nd The Minister of Education and Culture, through its competent bodies, will annually promote competitions referring to the date and person of the teacher.
Art. 3rd To properly celebrate Teacher's Day, educational establishments will promote solemnities, in which the role of the master in modern society is exalted, making students participate in them and the families.
Art. 4 This Decree will enter into force on the date of its publication, the contrary provisions being revoked2.
Currently, Teacher's Day continues as a school holiday and is a date on which teachers receive tribute for their role.
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1Law of October 15, 1827. To access, click on here.
2Decree No. 52,682, of October 14, 1963. To access, click on here.
