Verbs are words that express action, state, change of state and meteorological phenomena, always in relation to a certain time. It's a class of words full of particularities, and knowing them is essential for anyone who likes to know the grammar of the Portuguese language. Today, so that you can learn a little more about the various facets of this class of words, we'll talk about the noun forms of the verb.
When they are alone, the noun forms of the verb they do not relate to any tense and mood. They appear in sentences to perform functions performed by names, such as nouns, adjectives and adverbs, that is, the verb loses its initial value and starts to receive the value of a name. There are three nominal forms: infinitive, gerund and participle, built from the theme (stem + thematic vowel) and added to the endings. Watch:
► -r: to infinitive: joker, do you knowr, smiler.
► -coming: for the gerund: thinkgoing, dogoing, leftgoing.
► -of: for the participle: faladored, staygone, choosegone.
Let's get to know each of the nominal forms better? O kids school prepared an easy and straightforward explanation for you. Enjoy your reading and good studies!
The infinitive can be personal or impersonal; the gerund gives the idea of ongoing action and the participle gives the idea of completion of the verbal action
► Infinitive: among the noun forms, it comes closest to the noun. It is the way in which a verb appears naturally, without any conjugation, giving the idea of an action or state. In Portuguese grammar, in addition to the uninflected infinitive, known as the impersonal infinitive, there is also the infinitive inflected per person, which is called the personal infinitive. The latter must be used whenever there is a defined subject that is different from the subject of the main clause. Look at the examples:
impersonal infinitive:
To sail it's needed.
Eat too much is bad for your health.
sometimes it takes to forget the problems and just live.
Personal infinitive:
For we get study, someone needs to ask the children to be silent.
Is important remember of grammar rules.
I saw friends look at each other with affection.
► Gerund: O gerund it is the nominal form that can assume the function of an adverb or an adjective, indicating an action not yet finished at the time of speech or an action prolonged in time:
the children are studying for the Portuguese language Olympiad.
He stayed at home reading the new toy manual.
Coming at home, he took off his shoes and went running to the sofa.
► Participle: it is the nominal form that can assume the function of an adjective, allowing the formation of compound verb tenses, giving the idea of completion of the verbal action:
forgotten problems, he lay down on his bed and rested.
the girl went chosen class' representant.
Was spoken that classes would end at 2 pm.
By Luana Castro
Graduated in Letters
