Vegetation is characterized as the set of plants in a given region. Due to the Earth's climatic diversity, especially the variation in temperature and humidity, there are distinct vegetation covers.
The main types of vegetation are: desert, steppe, coniferous forest, temperate forest, tropical forest, savannah, tundra, mountain vegetation and Mediterranean vegetation.
Desert: is the typical vegetation of semiarid, arid and hyper-arid regions. The amount of rain is very low, a fact that makes the development of animal life and vegetation in most deserts impossible.
Steppe: The predominant climate is continental temperate, common in central North America, south-central South America, Central Asia, eastern Australia and southern Africa. The vegetation cover is composed of grasses and small shrubs.
Tundra: is the predominant vegetation in the far north of the Northern Hemisphere. The vegetation is basically composed of grass and reeds. It has low temperatures.
Tundra
Coniferous forest: common in regions with low temperatures, whose climate is cold continental or polar. Most trees have needle-shaped leaves, which is a way of not accumulating snow, such as pine trees.
Temperate forest: vegetation typical of temperate climate regions, presenting the four well-defined seasons of the year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. The main plant species are oak, beech and maple.
Tropical forest: comprises the regions close to the equator. The average temperature, humidity and amount of rain are quite high. The fauna and flora are diverse, such as what occurs in the Amazon rainforest, which is the largest tropical forest in the world.
Savannah: also known as cerrado, this type of vegetation is common in the central portion of South America, north of Central America, in addition to areas of Australia and the African continent. The trees are small and have a crooked stem.
Mountain vegetation: as the name implies, this vegetation is common in high points, such as the Andes, Himalayas, among other mountainous regions. The vegetation is not very diverse, as the climate is not conducive to its development.
Mediterranean vegetation: the vegetation consists of small trees, such as olive trees and cork oaks.
By Wagner de Cerqueira and Francisco
Graduated in Geography
