THEsyntaxit is the part of grammar that studies the relationship of words to each other, to prayer and to speech. While phonology is dedicated to the study of sounds and morphology studies the structure of words, syntax is concerned with the function of each term in the sentence.
Syntactically, a sentence is every utterance built around a verb. Although there is no prayer without a verb, it is not enough simply to have a verb to be a prayer, it is essential that the words are related and make sense. To facilitate the study of prayer, it is important to divide it into two syntactic units, which are called syntagms. Follow the example:
the beautiful girlsang well.
The example sentence is divided into phrases. This division is not done randomly, but is defined from the core of the syntactic unit. If the head is a name, the phrase is nominal; if it's a verb, it's verbal. In the example, this division was marked by colors, the red part is the noun phrase, and the green part is the verbal one.
After dividing the phrases, we move to the first part of the study of syntax, which is the
syntax analisys. In it, the functions of words and the classification of sentences are defined.Next, we will do the syntactic analysis of the example.
Subject: The beautiful girl
Subject Type: Simple
Adjunct adjunct: a, beautiful
Predicate: sang well
Verb Type: Intransitive
Adverbial adjunct: well
Predicate Type: Verbal
By dividing the units, it is already possible to recognize two essential elements of the clause, the subject and the predicate. “Gravitating” around the name (subject), we have adjuncts adnominals (“words that come with the name”). In the verb phrase, when defining the type of verb, the type of predicate is already defined.
In a syntactic analysis, we seek to define the following functions: subject type, adjunct, predicative, complement nominal, apposed, vocative, verb type, predicate type, adverbial adjunct, passive agent, direct and indirect object.
In addition to studying the relationship of words to each other, syntax also studies the relationship between clauses. Therefore, we find the study of the compound period, the inflections between nouns (nominal agreement), the inflections between verbs (agreement verbal), the dependence relationship between nouns and verbs with their complements (verbal and nominal rulership), as well as the placement pronominal.
Punctuation is also studied within syntax because of its importance for clauses. In writing, it is she who transmits the resources present in the speech (breaks, surprises, doubts, etc.) and it is through her that the words organized in prayers manage to make sense to the reader. When we speak or write, we use our word selection and combination skills, but it is in prayer. that the message manages to be proclaimed and communication happens, so the study of syntax is so important.
From now on, whenever the proposed study is syntactic, you already know which aspects will be addressed, right? However, if there is still any doubt about the division of the study of syntax, just follow the summary below:
The study of syntax is divided into:
- Syntax analisys;
- Agreement syntax;
- ruler syntax;
- Placement syntax.
Take the opportunity to check out our video lesson related to the subject: