Regions of Brazil: states and capitals, characteristics and map

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At regions of Brazil are territorial cuts full of particularities that take into account aspects economic, social, politicians, cultural and physicists. Many were the regional divisions made in Brazil by the responsible body, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).

Currently, the current regionalization is that of 1970 (which underwent changes after the 1988 Constitution), which divides Brazil into five regions:

North
North East
Midwest
Southeast
South

Read too: Brazil map: political map, coloring map and more

States and capitals of the regions of Brazil

→ States and capitals of the North Region

state	capital
Amazons	Manaus
Acre	White River
Rondônia	Porto Velho
Roraima	Good view
Amapá	Macapa
For	Bethlehem
Tocantins	palms

→ States and capitals of the Northeast Region

state	capital
Maranhão	St. Louis
Piauí	Teresina
large northern river	Christmas
Ceará	strength
Paraíba	João Pessoa
Bahia	savior
Pernambuco	Recife
alagoas	Maceio
Sergipe	Aracaju

→ States and capitals of the Midwest Region

state	capital
Goiás	Goiania
Mato Grosso	Cuiabá
Mato Grosso do Sul	Large field

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Federal District

Brasilia (Government Headquarters)

→ States and capitals of the Southeast Region

state	capital
Minas Gerais	Belo Horizonte
Holy Spirit	Victory
Rio de Janeiro	Rio de Janeiro
Sao Paulo	Sao Paulo

→ States and capitals of the Southern Region

state	capital
Santa Catarina	Florianopolis
Paraná	Curitiba
Rio Grande do Sul	Porto Alegre

Map of regions in Brazil and with the division of federative units.

Characteristics of regions in Brazil

1. North region

Manaus is the capital of the largest state in the North region, Amazonas. *

The region North is, in terms of extension, the largest region in Brazil, with an area of approximately 3,853,676,948 km², consisting of seven states.

Social aspects: This region has a population that exceeds the 18 million inhabitants, according to IBGE. Despite the large population, due to its territorial extension, the region has low population density, 4.72 inhab/km².
Physical aspects: The climate prevails in the region equatorial and, in some locations, the climate tropical. For the most part, air humidity is high, due to the abundance of rainfall in some parts of the region. In this region is found the largest hydrographic basin in the world, the Amazon River basin, and also the highest point in Brazil, the Peak of fog. We can find, in this region, the Amazon plains, O Guyana plateau it's the central plateau. Regarding vegetation, this region contains the largest tropical forest on the planet: the Amazon rainforest.

Economic aspects: The Gross Domestic Product of the region represents about 5,3% of the national GDP, according to an IBGE survey. The economy is based on industries in mineral extraction and vegetable, in the sector agricultural and also in the tourism.

3. Northeast region

Salvador is the capital of the state of Bahia, one of the cities that most attract tourists in the Northeast region.

The Northeast region is the third largest of Brazil, with an area of approximately 1,544,291 km², consisting of nine states, being, therefore, the region with the largest number of federative units.

Social aspects: The Northeast region is the second region with the largest number of inhabitants. The population exceeds the 56 million inhabitants, according to IBGE. The demographic density is 36.39 inhab/km². This is the region with the lower social indicatorsIt is, therefore, the one that most faces social problems.

Physical aspects: The Northeast has the longest coastline of the country, and because it presents sub-regions with very different characteristics, we can find in it these climates: semiarid, wet equatorial, wet coastal and tropical. In many areas, temperatures are high throughout the year. On the other hand, rainfall averages are low in several areas, causing a large part of the region's population to live with the extreme drought. The vegetation is represented by the Caatinga, Atlantic forest, thick and other types of vegetation.
Economic aspects: The Northeast holds the third largest GDPof the country and, therefore, the third largest economy, representing about 13,4% of the national GDP. O tourism it is one of the main drivers of the northeastern economy. The region attracts many tourists throughout the year, due to its beautiful landscapes.

3. Midwest region

Goiânia is the capital of the state of Goiás and is located in the heart of Brazil.

The region Midwest it is the second largest region in the country when the criterion is territorial extension. Its area is approximately 1,606,403 km², and consists of three states.

Social aspects: The Midwest region is the less populated among the regions. It has a little more than 16 million inhabitants. It is the second lowest population density in the country, only behind the North region, with 10.01 inhab/km².
Physical aspects: Among the regions, it is the only one that does not have a coastline. The predominant climate in the region is the tropical, marked by two well-defined seasons: the dry winter it's the rainy summer. This region is considered the cradle of waters in the country, as it contains the sources of many important Brazilian rivers. It has distinct plant formations, as it is the region with the highest amount of biogeographic contacts. We can find, in the Midwest, the biomes: thick, wetland and Amazon.
Economic aspects: The region's economy is based, especially, on activities agricultural and in the extractivism. We highlight the production of soy, corn, rice, cotton, as well as cattle raising (predominantly extensive livestock). Tourism in some parts of the region also boosts the economy. In the region, there is the presence of exuberant plateaus, with many waterfalls, such as the Veadeiros Plateau and the Chapada dos Guimaraes.

4. Southeast region

Rio de Janeiro is one of the best known and most visited cities in the country, and also the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro.

The region Southeast, in territorial extension, is the second smallest in the country, second only to the South region. Covers an area of approximately 924,620 km², and is composed of four states, two of them considered the most representative of Brazil, in terms of development, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.

Social aspects: It is the most populous region in Brazil, with a population that exceeds 85 million inhabitants, corresponding to approximately 44% of the country's population. Considered one of the regions that most attract migrants, this is the region with the highest demographic density, 92.05 inhab/km².
Physical aspects: The Southeast of Brazil predominantly covers the following climates: tropical atlantic and altitude tropical, in addition to subtropical and semiarid in some parts. The relief consists of saws, plateaus and coastal plains. The vegetation is also quite diverse and has formations such as the Atlantic forest, O thick and the Caatinga. With regard to hydrography, in this region there is a predominance of plateau rivers.
Economic aspects: It is considered the most developed region in the country, corresponding to 55,2% of the national GDP. It is, therefore, the region with the largest industrial prominence, commercial and financial of Brazil. As it represents job opportunities, this region faces problems such as slums and overpopulation. There is an emphasis on automobile, oil and steel industries.

5. South region

Florianópolis is the capital of the state of Santa Catarina, one of the three states in the Southern Region.

The region South é smallest region in territorial extension of the country, with an area of approximately 576,774 km². It differs from other regions, especially because of the predominantly European colonization carried out in it. This region is formed by three states.

Social aspects: It is the third most populous region in the country, with more than 29 million inhabitants, about 14,3% of the Brazilian population. The demographic density is 47.59 inhab/km². It is the region with the best social indicators for health and education.

Physical aspects: The region is located below the tropical zone. The predominant climate is the subtropical. The south of Brazil has well-defined seasons, with cold winters and hot summers. In this region, frosts occur in the cold season, which is normally not seen in other regions of the country. Rains are well distributed throughout the year. Most of the rivers in the region are from plateaus that make up the Uruguay River basin and the Paraná River basin.
Economic aspects: The region is the second region in the country, in terms of measured wealthby GDP, and the second most industrialized. The economy is based on activities such as: o plant extractivism, especially practiced in the Mata das Araucárias; The agriculture, with emphasis on grapes, beans and corn; and the livestock, focused on the dairy industry and the raising of swine. One of the biggest tourist attractions in the region is the Iguaçu National Park, in the state of Paraná.