Empirical it is a fact that relies only on lived experiences, at things observation, not in scientific theories and methods. Empirical is that knowledge acquired during all life, on a day-to-day basis, which has no scientific evidence.
The empirical method is a method created to test the validity of theories and hypotheses in a context of experience. The empirical method generates evidence, as we learn facts through lived and witnessed experiences, to reach conclusions.
already the empirical knowledge or common sense is knowledge based on a vulgar, or immediate, non-methodical experience that has not been rationally interpreted and organized.
Empirical is also the name given to that individual who promises to cure diseases, without scientific notions, a kind of healer, who is often a charlatan. That's why the antonym of empirical it can be "strict", "precise" or "exact".
empiricism in science
For science, empirical is a type of initial evidence to prove some scientific methods, the first step is observation, and then do a research using the scientific method. In science, much research is carried out initially through observation and experience.
Empiricism in Philosophy
In philosophy, empiricism was founded by the English philosopher David Hume. And, another Englishman, philosopher John Locke defined the human mind as a "blank sheet" on which we record knowledge daily through our experiences.
Other philosophers also studied empiricism, such as Aristotle, Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, John Stuart Mill, and through these studies theories such as the theory of knowledge emerged.
Experimental Empirical
The Empirical-Experimental Theory is also known as the Persuasion Theory, and it was developed from the 40's and caused the abandonment of the Hypodermic Theory. This theory reviews the communication process as a mechanical and immediate way between stimulus and response.
The empirical-experimental theory varies between the conception that it is possible to achieve important effects if the message transmitted is properly structured and the clear notion that it is often not possible to achieve the effects desired.
Thus, it is possible to persuade the recipients of the message if it fits the parameters used by him when interpreting the message.
Inductive Empirical
Philosopher Francis Bacon was the founder of the inductive method of scientific inquiry. According to Bacon, the inductive empirical method was the only one that would enable man to subjugate nature.
The inductive empirical method conceives laws according to the observation of facts, according to a certain observed behavior and its generalization. According to Francis Bacon, only observation makes it possible to know something new.