One non-governmental organization (NGO) it is an institution that does not belong to a government, that is, it is a institutiontoilet What a not for profit, thus being from the so-called third sector.
NGOs work in various areas, and may be linked to the cause of the environment, health, work, land reform, animal rights, protection of minorities (indigenous people, black people, LGBT+ population, women, children, people in street conditions etc.) and other groups that need assistance that is not provided by the private sector or by the government.
Read too: Social inequality – largely responsible for the existence of NGOs
What are non-governmental organizations
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are institutions that do not belong to the private sector, therefore, they are not for profit. They don't belong to a government either. Thus, they belong to the call third sector.
The work of NGOs is focused on
acting in vulnerable areas community, which are generally not covered by government action, or that action is not sufficient to resolve the situation. As the private sector foresees to make a profit, the vulnerable areas not covered by government actions (which are generally important but needy areas of financial resources) are on the margins of society, requiring other entities to enter as project sponsors that help such layers of society.government organizations
Unlike NGOs, government organizations are entities maintained by governments: Federation, states or municipalities. Government organizations directly receive fundspublic aimed at fulfilling their effective work in favor of the areas in which they operate.
How a non-governmental organization works
Non-governmental organizations operate in vulnerable areas, that is, areas that do not receive due support (or do not receive any support at all) from governments. They are private institutions, founded by individuals who require a legal entity certificate (CNPJ, in the case of Brazil) for these organizations, and act as non-profit companies.
NGOs usually receive financial support from members — individuals who are sympathetic to the NGO's cause and help in it. They also receive donations from private companies and, many times, public initiative funds.
When the public initiative recognizes its own failure to deal with vulnerable sectors of society and realizes that there is an institution that can act to cover this failure, it invests in that institution. However, the funds destined to non-governmental institutions are controlled by governments, not becoming public policies that can guarantee an effective distant government action.
See too: Human rights - basic rights guaranteed to any human being
In which areas do non-governmental organizations work
The areas covered by NGOs are very varied. The only requirement for an NGO to be able to work in an area is the lack of assistance to it from the government or private initiative. In this way, NGOs work in so-called vulnerable areas, some of which are mentioned below:
Environmental: support and protection are offered so that forests, forests, rivers and the environment in general do not suffer from degradation caused by human beings.
rightsFromanimals: it fights against abuse, the use of animals as test subjects for scientific and pharmaceutical tests, and abandonment and pets.
populationsvulnerable: we see blacks, indigenous people, slum and periphery dwellers, low-income families in general, populations LGBT+, women who suffer from domestic violence, homeless people, as well as children and elderly people who suffer abuses.
Health care: we assist people who, in general, are from the lower middle or lower classes and who need psychosocial or clinical health care. In general, chemotherapy patients receive psychosocial support; children with cancer receive pedagogical and psychosocial assistance; HIV carriers receive psychological assistance; drug addicts receive help through groups such as Narcotics Anonymous (NA) and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) for addiction treatment; chronic disease patients, such as lupus and sclerosis, receive support; and psychiatric patients with schizophrenia and other psychiatric ailments, too.
Non-Governmental Organizations in Brazil
Some Brazilian NGOs are old and act as an example in this field. However, problems faced by the third sector in our country concern people in bad faith who found NGOs to receive public and private funds, but do not provide the promised service.
The most expressive NGOs in Brazil are:
SOS Mata Atlântica Foundation: with more than 30 years of existence, it aims to work in the preservation and reforestation of the Atlantic forest in Brazil.
Amazon Environmental Research Institute (Ipam): Founded in 1995, it operates in scientific research and education of Amazonian communities for the sustainable development of the Amazon Forest.
Abrinq Foundation: focused on the full and human development of childhood, it works against abuse and in favor of the rights of children and adolescents in Brazil.
HealthKid: Founded in 1991 by the pediatrician and general practitioner Vera Cordeiro, it works to promote the integral health of children Brazilians, aiming at nutrition and the treatment of common childhood illnesses for low-income families. income.
Association for Assistance to Disabled Children (AACD): founded in 1955 by orthopedist Renato da Costa, it works in the promotion of treatments for children people with some type of physical or mental disability, especially those from families of low income.
Viva Rio: works to promote peace and social inclusion of low-income families from the favelas of Rio de Janeiro. It offers vocational courses, artistic and educational support and assistance to families living in favelas in the state of Rio de Janeiro.
Famous Non-Governmental Organizations
Red Cross: founded in 1865, it is one of the oldest in the world and aims to provide medical treatment to victims of wars and armed conflicts.
Doctors Without Borders: it was founded in 1971 by doctors and journalists seeking to bring humanitarian aid to victims of armed conflicts and natural disasters around the world. Today she works especially in Africa and the Middle East.
Brac: created in 1970, it aimed to assist the victims of a hurricane in Bangladesh. However, she resisted and is one of the biggest institutions that fight against hunger and misery in the country.
Save the Children: acts in the protection of children. It began in 1919 in Europe, aiming to protect children victims of First World War, and today operates in more than 120 countries.
Greenpeace: today with headquarters in the Netherlands, it was founded in 1971, in Canada. With branches in more than 55 countries, it aims to protect marine life, the oceans and the environment.
World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF): has been working in environmental protection since 1961.
by Francisco Porfirio
Sociology Professor
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/organizacao-nao-governamental-ong.htm
