basketball is a team sport which can also be called Basketball. The name in Portuguese comes from English basketball, on what basket I mean basket and ball it's ball. The literal translation of basketball would be ball to the basket, an expression that is also used as a synonym for the sport's name.
The origin of the game is North American. The objective of the two teams, of five players each, is to hit the ball in a basket at the end of the sports court. Each basket accumulates points, and the team with the most points wins the match.
Professionally there are the modalities of men's basketball and women's basketball, which are coordinated by official national and international confederations and leagues. In Brazil there is the Brazilian Basketball Confederation, CBB, the National Basketball League, LNB, which represents men's sport, and the Women's Basketball League, the LBF.
At world level there is FIBA, the International Basketball Federation, the first organization in the sport and responsible for establishing the rules of the game.
The most famous league in the world is the NBA, National Basketball Association, the American basketball league.
Basketball Rules and Fundamentals
Basketball is a team sport. There are two teams on each side, with five players per team and five more on each bench, occupying the following positions:
- Owner/Base, who starts with the ball and plans the moves.
- Wing guard, goes from supporting the base to the basket.
- Pivot/Post, has a fundamental role in defense as well as being responsible for finishing the plays and making the baskets.
three referees supervise the departure. One of them throws the ball up in the center of the court, which can be closed or open to the sky, starting the game.
Basketball matches have the 40 minutes duration, in four periods of 10 minutes. In the NBA there are four 12-minute halves, totaling 48 minutes of play.
you can only catch the ball with your hands. And you can't take more than two steps holding it, but always bouncing on the ground.
The score is scored from the baskets on the opponent's field. Free throw is 1 point, field goal 2 points, and before the three-point line, 3 points.
There are specific rules that regulate the control of the ball and markings, subject to fouls:
- 3-second rule: In the opponent team's restricted area, the player only has 3 seconds in the area with the ball.
- 5 second rule: While being tagged, the player has 5 seconds or less of possession.
- 8 second rule: Whoever gains possession of the ball in the defense field has 8 seconds to take the ball to the opponent's field, either by themselves or passing it to another member of the team.
- 24-second rule: The team with the ball in hand has 24 seconds to make and complete the move.
Basketball History
Basketball was created in 1891 in the United States, at the Young Men's Christian Association of Springfield, Massachusetts. The entity is known worldwide by the acronym YMCA, being in Brazil called ACM.
The founder of basketball was James Naismith, a Physical Education teacher who was challenged to think of a type of sport to be played indoors, to be practiced during the winter.
The first recorded basketball game was held in 1892. The first women's game was held in 1896, between students from Stanford University and the University of California.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the sport became popular and spread around the world. In 1936, he entered the Olympic modalities, at the Berlin Olympics. The first time women competed in Olympic games playing basketball was at the 1976 Montreal Olympics.
Basketball in Brazil
Basketball arrived in Brazil in the 19th century, at the hands of Augusto Shaw, an American who came to the country to teach at Colégio Mackenzie, in São Paulo.
The dissemination of the sport throughout Brazil also had the participation of the same entity that created basketball in the United States, ACM. In 1912 the first tournaments were held, and in 1916 the Metropolitan League of Athletic Sports recognized basketball as a sport, creating the first official championship in 1919. From this championship, Flamengo's team won.
Among the main names in basketball in Brazil, we have Oscar Schmidt, Hortência, Paula and Janete. All Olympic and prominent athletes in national leagues.
Wheelchair basketball
Wheelchair basketball is a Paralympic sport regulated in Brazil by the Brazilian Wheelchair Basketball Confederation, CBBC.
The sport emerged on the initiative of former US soldiers after World War II. Injured or amputees, they began using their wheelchairs on the court to play matches against each other. The idea soon became popular and was made official by the IWBF, the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation.
The rules are similar to the Olympic basketball sport. The player cannot hold the ball for more than two touches on the wheels, and must bounce, pass or shoot.