Pteridophytes are vascular plants, flowerless, of seeds and fruits, among them are the ferns, ferns and tree fern trees. There are also the lesser known ones, such as the horsetails, the Psilotim, the lycopods and the selaginelas, improperly called mosses.
The word "pteridophytes" comes from the Greek "pteris", which means "fetus", plus "phyton", which means "plant". The budding leaves of pteridophytes resemble the position of a fetus and are plants that have nutrient-conducting vessels.
Ferns
Ferns are plants that have a stem that lies inside the ground and leaves the leaves, which are the most evident parts of the plant, having a central axis from which numerous leaflets come out. At the bottom of these blades there are small brown dots, the "sera", often confused with seeds, which are the "spores", reproductive cells that, when they fall out. in the soil, they absorb water, passing through a complex development, where they divide by "mitosis", forming a plant about one centimeter, shaped like a heart, called prothalus, and by "mitosis", they produce the "gametes", which fertilize, resulting in the formation of zygotes, which give rise to a new fern, concluding its process reproductive.
Ferns and ferns
The fern are plants that have the same characteristics as the fern. They have a stem that is inside the soil and leaves come out, which have a central axis where different leaflets or blades of different shape from ferns emerge. At the bottom of these sheets are found the "serums" that are involved by the edges of the leaflets, which, when they fall to the ground, start the reproductive process.
The tree fern or fern is an arborescent fern, that is, it has the shape of a tree and has large leaves divided into leaflets, where serums are formed. The tree fern tree stalk is quite developed, it forms intertwined roots, with great absorption and water retention, being widely used in the manufacture of pots for plants.