THE Protestant Reformation was a movement to contest the sovereignty of Catholic church that took place in the 16th century.
started when Martin Luther he fixed 95 theses criticizing the Church at the door of Wittenberg Cathedral.
What was the Protestant Reformation - Summary
The first Protestant Reformation movement took place in Saxony, present-day Germany. Martin Luther, born in the town of Eisleben, was the leader.
Upon joining a religious order, Luther guided his life to fulfill the catholic doctrine. In 1510, he travels to Rome and encounters the corrupted lifestyle of many Church leaders, who encouraged the sale of indulgences.
Faced with this reality, he formulated a document considered the founding mark of the Protestant Reformation: the 95 theses. They condemned, among other practices, the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church.
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By fixing them on the door of the Cathedral of Wittenberg, in the year 1517, Luther contributed to the transformations that occurred in the political, cultural and social fields of the European continent and from overseas domains.
His reform highlighted three fundamental principles:
- Justification by faith: only faith led to salvation and not the obtaining of material goods or the sale of indulgences;
- Universal priesthood: equality among Christians, every believer is a priest. He denied the sanctity of the clergy, criticized their privileges and their high position in society;
- Revealed Word Authority: It was not necessary for any clerical authority to interpret biblical teachings. The faithful had the ability to understand the divine word, so he translated the biblical text from Latin into German, expanding access to the Bible.
Thus, these principles defended by Luther led to a definitive break with the Catholic Church, in addition to inspiring other religious movements.
Learn more at:
- Counter-Reformation or Catholic Reformation
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