What was the Liberal Revolution in Porto? Occurred in 1820, the Porto Liberal Revolution it was a conflict led by Portuguese military and merchants whose main objective was to reorganize Portugal, which was going through a time of political and economic crisis.
Of liberal and anti-absolutist character, they demanded a new Constitution and the return of the Portuguese Court that was in Brazil.
Porto Liberal Revolution
THE main cause of the crisis that Portugal facing part of the absence of the heads of state and members of the Portuguese government, as D. João VI and Corte him were in Brazil due to the Napoleonic invasions.
The permanence of the Court in Rio de Janeiro generated several problems. In 1818, merchants, magistrates and military of the city of Porto, created a secret society to discuss liberal ideals and contest the absolutist regime by which Portugal was submitted.
Furthermore, they were uncomfortable with the presence of British troops in the country, led by Marshal Beresford, titled Lord Protector of Portugal.
Therefore, in 1820, the group started a revolt that took the streets of Porto and other regions of the country.
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Victorious, the rebels organized themselves in order to formulate a new Constitution that would limit royal power. Elections for a constituent were held in both Portugal and Brazil.
In 1821, the kingdom was transformed into a Constitutional monarchy. In the same year, D. João VI returns to Lisbon, leaving D. Peter I as Prince Regent.
The permanence of D. Pedro I was a way to create a central authority to control the provinces and avoid the fragmentation of the territory.
However, the Portuguese Courts began to demand the return of D. Pedro I to Portugal. Refusing to comply with this measure, on January 9, 1822, he decided to stay in Brazil. That day became known as the day of stay.
In addition to defending a Constitutional Monarchy for Portugal inspired by the liberalism, the Portuguese Cortes wanted to demote Brazil to the position of a colony. From then on, the proposal for independence from Brazil began to take shape among the Brazilian elite, as they did not want to reassume that position.
Learn more at:
- Napoleonic era
- Coming of the Royal Family to Brazil – Joanino Period (1808-1821)
- Independence of Brazil – Who proclaimed “independence or death”?
- Causes of Brazilian Independence
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