THE biodiversityis the name given to the biological diversity of living beings existing in a given geographic space.
When exploring the biodiversity of a place, we must consider all forms of life, be they plants, animals or microorganisms.
We also need to think about the genes contained in each of these individuals, the ecological relationships it is us ecosystems originated by them.
Types of biodiversity
We can divide biodiversity into three levels:
- species diversity: species richness all living organisms on the planet;
- Genetical diversity: gene diversity of all individuals of the same species;
- Ecosystem diversity: types of ecosystems existing on the planet, which can be terrestrial or aquatic.
It is important to remember that no level survives in isolation, they need to be in balance for the survival of all living beings.
Importance of biodiversity
Biodiversity keeps the planet's ecosystems stable and prevents a environmental imbalance serious happens, impacting the lives of living beings.
The destruction of ecosystems causes the
species extinction, increases the greenhouse effect it's the global warming, in addition to being able to facilitate the emergence of microorganisms pathogens that can cause serious diseases to the human species.- Free Online Inclusive Education Course
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Brazilian biodiversity
Brazil has the greatest biodiversity on planet Earth, that is, the richness of species found here is greater than anywhere else in the world.
Brazil has:
- 10% of the diversity of fungi;
- 22% of the species of bryophytes;
- 12% of the total of pteridophytes;
- Largest amount of angiosperms, fish and amphibians;
- 10% of the total of insects;
- About 2,000 species of birds;
- About a thousand species of mammals.
Threats to biodiversity
Some examples of threats to biodiversity are:
- destruction of habitats;
- Habitat fragmentation;
- Introduction of exotic species;
- Air pollution.
See too:
- Brazilian ecosystems
- The 6 Brazilian Biomes - Vegetation Biodiversity
- Environmental impacts caused by man in agriculture
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