Napoleon Bonaparte was a significant figure for France and influenced many regions of the Europe.
He was a military man, political leader, emperor and marked part of French history with his regime and conquests.
As political leader and commander of the French army, Napoleon reconfigured the borders of Europe, conquering vast territory with his army.
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Index
- Biography of Napoleon Bonaparte
- Napoleonic Empire
- Napoleon Bonaparte's Defeat
Biography of Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15, 1769, in Ajaccio, capital of Corsica, France.
His father was Carlos Maria Bonaparte, an assistant judge in the jurisdiction of Ajaccio, and his mother Letízia Ramolino. In addition to napoleon, the couple had seven other children.
The family had noble descent, as their mother was the successor of a gentry in Italy.
Being from a noble family and having good social relations, Napoleon had an excellent education and, at the age of ten, he entered a military academy. In 1784 he entered the Military School in Paris and became an artillery officer.
Raised and educated among the military, he was loyal to the monarchy. However, with the French Revolution, Napoleon approached the Jacobins and, in 1794, was imprisoned for 15 days when the group was repressed.
Bonaparte continued his military career and was appointed Commander of the French Army, winning several victories and repressing rebels.
As a result, Napoleon gained great military prestige and the population recognized him as a national hero.
His first marriage was to Josephine Beauharnais, whom he married in 1796.
Napoleonic Empire
In 1799, when he was returning from a military campaign in the Egypt, he finds France threatened by civil war.
From then on, with popular recognition, on November 9, 1799, Napoleon promoted the Brumaire 18 hit, taking power.
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Thus, the Consulate (1799–1802) was established, dissolving the Assembly and being appointed as First Consul.
In view of these events, the Napoleonic era. In 1804, Napoleon became Emperor of France by being crowned by Pope Pius VII.
Napoleon I has popular, military and political support in his territory and implemented measures that established internal balance in France. With that, he began his goal of expanding France's borders and conquering other territories.
Faced with a rivalry with England, Napoleon decreed the Continental Lock to weaken and prevent other countries from trading with England.
With his strong army, Napoleon began military campaigns and conquered several territories, including Spain and Portugal in 1807 and 1808.
During this period, Napoleon separates from Josephine, without children to succeed him, and marries Maria Luisa of Austria on March 11, 1810.
Maria Luísa was the daughter of Francisco II and sister of D. Leopoldine. From this marriage to Maria Luisa of Austria was born Napoleon II of France.
Napoleon Bonaparte's Defeat
By 1810, the French Empire had already acquired much of Western European territory. However, in 1812, Russia breaks the continental blockade and establishes relations with England.
From there, Napoleon decides to invade Russia. However, this mission proves to be a major failure when it encounters a harsh winter and burning cities in Russian territory.
With this, Napoleon's army returns to France with a small number of men.
Faced with this setback, other powers join forces and invade French territory to defeat Napoleon. In 1814, he is captured and sent into exile on the Isle of Elba, in the Mediterranean Sea.
However, the following year, Napoleon flees the island and returns to Paris, where he tries to regain power and take over the French troops.
He manages to remain in power for 100 days, until he is definitively defeated in the Battle of Waterloo by the allied troops.
With this defeat, Napoleon is imprisoned on the island of Saint Helena, in the south of the Atlantic. After 6 years in prison, on May 5, 1821, Napoleon Bonaparte still died on this island.
See too:
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