First-time teacher, do you know what lesson planning is? Probably, the item was among the subjects studied during your Degree, right? But, do you know how to do it?
If the answer is no, don't despair, because you're not the only one! Inexperience can leave beginning teachers a little lost when preparing a lesson plan. After all, there is a concern to transfer all the content efficiently to students.
And this concern is more than justified. The importance of planning goes beyond simply guiding what will be done in the classroom. To elaborate it, several factors must be taken into account, including the age of the students.
Therefore, Escola Educação brought a small guide on how to do a good lesson plan. But first, let's work on some important concepts about lesson plans and their importance for school development.
Index
- What is the lesson plan?
- Why is the lesson plan important?
- How to prepare the lesson plan
What is the lesson plan?
The answer is simple! The lesson plan is the instrument in which the teacher will specify everything that will be worked on in the classroom. With it, the educator will, little by little, improve their pedagogical practice in search of better student learning.
However, as we've already talked about, the lesson plan goes beyond that. It is a document that will bring the methods to be used, assessment processes, teaching schedule, among other very specific information.
Why is the lesson plan important?
The first thing that comes to mind is the organization of the class. Furthermore, the plan is the tool by which the teacher will guide student learning, conduct research on the content and verify its assimilation among students.
With everything planned, there will be greater preparation for possible complications. O class plan is the big difference between good and bad classes. The better organized, the more productive activities it will be possible to do, in addition to enabling greater student learning.
What to take into account when preparing the lesson plan?
If you still have some doubts about the preparation of the lesson plan, it is interesting to ask yourself some questions that will suddenly guide you. What do you want with the class? What are your intentions and goals to be achieved with the students?
It is normal that the lack of experience in the field leaves beginning teachers a little lost when it comes to preparing a good lesson plan. So that this beginning is not disturbed, we have brought some fundamental points.
The first refers to the contextualization of the school environment, that is, what the infrastructure and possibilities of the school are and what the classes will be. Why is it important? Because, in this way, the teacher will be able to select the subjects covered.
By knowing the students and their specificities, the teacher will know what they will need to learn or fix, which contents work, skills to be developed and what strategies should be used.
Regular education classes are separated into grades, according to the age of the students. Normally, basic education starts with basic subjects using simple terms and more summarized description of facts.
As the student progresses through the grades, these contents are broken down and better explored according to their level of understanding. Therefore, the importance of diagnosing each class to know what content and methods should be worked on.
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How to prepare the lesson plan
The planning must be thought of globally, taking into account that a series of contents will be taught throughout the school year. So, first of all, it's good to organize a class schedule.
It must be prepared according to the number of classes that will be given, separated by bimesters and choosing which content will be treated. Thus, the teacher will know that, every two months, he will be able to apply an assessment to verify the assimilation of what was given.
At the end of the year, the grades will be added to reach the final result corresponding to approval (or not) in the discipline. Did you see how planning involves not only the daily classes, but all the content to be taught in the year and in each grade?
Okay, with the schedule organized, it's time to work on the individual lesson plans. The first step in developing a plan is to define the topic, that is, what will be discussed with the students that day. For example, in the Arts class, working collages for Mother's Day. Or, in Mathematics, working with Numerical Sets.
Try to reserve one or more topics per day, trying to figure out how long it will take to cover each one (we'll see this later). When separating them, think of the goals that is, the goals you want to achieve.
To establish them, try to answer these questions mentally. What do I expect my students to learn? What do I need to do and what skills should I develop? What do they already know and what do they need to complement?
Keep in mind that objectives and contents must be, very well, articulated. There are even three distinct types of content that can be worked on in the classroom. They are conceptual, attitudinal and procedural.
The first concerns knowledge and differentiation between concepts. The second relates to expected behavior. Finally, the third one understands that the student must learn to do, that is, to draw, read, among others.
Many schools use handouts, which helps in the organization, since all content presented there must be treated. However, it is interesting that the educator complements them, mixing theory and practice and creating dynamic classes.
Thus, it will stimulate creativity and also other gifts of students through playful and multidisciplinary classes. Going back to the issue of time for each activity, it is necessary that the planning details what the duration of each.
This is good for the teacher to assess whether he is not applying too much content or not enough. Having defined the contents and duration of each topic, it's time to think about the necessary resources to put into practice.
Datashow, videos, photographs, sound systems, stationery, games, and so on. This will depend, a lot, on the school infrastructure itself. Don't forget that planning also includes homework.
Here, it is worth applying creativity so that students do not stop doing it. Encourage them to ask for things like creating music, theaters, mockups, and miscellaneous projects. Everything will depend, of course, on the topic covered.
Finally, the valuation methods! It is with them that the teacher will have feedback on what students have learned and what needs to be improved. But, in addition to evaluating the students, this stage also assesses the teacher's own conduct.
So, you took your doubts about how to do a good lesson plan? Although it sounds like a lot, with practice you will see how easy it is to develop a plan and you will take it literally!
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