Epigenetics consists of modifications of genetic functions that are inherited, but which in turn do not alter the DNA sequence of the individual. In short, it represents non-genetic variations that are passed on from one generation to another.
Since all cells in the body contain the same genes, epigenetics serves as a means of controlling the functions of each gene according to the cell. For example, in the heart there are cells with the protein gene responsible for sperm production, however this was "inactivated", since there is no need for this function in that organ.
However, according to the lifestyle and social environment in which the individual is inserted, they can some chemical changes occur in the DNA and in the proteins that surround it, affecting the functions of some genes. In this way, happen epigenetic changes that can be transmitted to the descendants of this person, for example.
Food, exposure to pollution, drug use, exercise, among other environmental factors can also serve to alter some functions of the genes, leaving "epigenetic marks" that could be inherited by future generations of that individual.
Learn more about the meaning of Gene and DNA.
epigenetic inheritance
It consists of non-genetic changes that can be passed on to future generations. During the formation of an embryo, for example, the epigenetic marks left in some of the parents' genes are passed on to their children. These marks can cause changes in the functions of some of these genes.
See also the meaning of Mutation.
