Indicative mode is a kind of verbal inflection characterized by the certaintyof the enunciator in relation to the stated fact. Thus, the simple tenses in indicative mode are:
- gift;
- past tense perfect;
- past tense imperfect;
- more-than-perfect past tense;
- future of the present; and
- future of the past tense.
already the compound verb tenses they are:
- past tense perfect;
- more-than-perfect past tense;
- future of the present;
- future of the past tense.
Read too: Ten Portuguese tips about verbs
What is indicative mode?
You verbal mannersare the indicative, O subjunctive it's the imperative. Each of them has specific characteristics and indicates the enunciator's attitude towards the fact utterance. This attitude, in the case of indicative mode, is associated with certainty of the enunciator that the fact expressed by him is real. Thus, the inflection of mode is directly related to the enunciator's posture towards the events.
The verb inflected in the indicative mode, therefore, does not express uncertainty (subjunctive mode
) or order (imperative mode), since the enunciator considers that, without a doubt, what is expressing is something real, true. Thus, by saying, for example, that "Humanity is heading towards its extinction", the enunciator of this prayer is stating something, it's not a hypothesis, because it has certainty of what it says.
Times in indicative mode
Next, as an example, we will present the conjugation of verb KNOW, in indicative mode, in simple verb tenses:
Gift |
past tense perfect |
Imperfect past tense |
|
Me know You you know he, she You know We we know You you know They you know |
Me knew You did you know he, she knew We we knew You did you know They knew |
Me you knew You did you know he, she you knew We we knew You did you know They knew |
Past perfect past tense |
future of the present |
Future of past tense |
|
Me had known You you would know he, she had known We we knew You knowles They knew |
Me I will know You you will know he, she will know We we will know You you will know They will know |
Me she would know You would you know he, she she would know We we would know You would you know They would know |
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And also the conjugation of the verb SABER, in the indicative way, in the compound verb tenses:
past tense perfect |
Past perfect past tense |
|
Me I have known You have you known he, she have known We we have known You you have known They have known OR Me I have known You have you known he, she have known We we have known You have you known They have known |
Me had known You had you known he, she had known We we had known You you had known They had known OR Me had known You had you known he, she had known We we had known You had you known They had known |
future of the present |
Future of past tense |
|
Me I will have known You you will have known he, she will have known We we will have known You you will have known They will have known OR Me I will have known You you will have known he, she will have known We we will have known You you will have known They will have known |
Me would have known You you would have known he, she would have known We we would have known You you would have known They would have known OR Me would have known You you would have known he, she would have known We we would have known You you would have known They would have known |
Thus, it is possible to build, in the simple verb tenses, spelled out as:
Know that I can get the promotion.
when maria knew of the trip, he was extremely happy.
The truth is we knew, a long time ago, of the embezzlement of money.
They knew of the contest result last night.
you will know how to proceed, my son.
Matilde she would know seize opportunities when in Paris.
already in compound verb tenses:
I must recognize that the brothers have known handle the situation.
OR
I must recognize that the brothers have known handle the situation.
Given that we had known hide the evidence of our good deed, we receive no thanks.
OR
Given that we had known hide the evidence of our good deed, we receive no thanks.
When Amelia arrives next month, I will have known work around all the problems.
OR
When Amelia arrives next month, I will have known work around all the problems.
would have known how to pay off their debts if Adamastor had given them more time.
OR
would have known how to pay off their debts if Adamastor had given them more time.
Read too: Regular verbs — those that, when conjugated, do not undergo modification in their stem
solved exercises
Question 1 (Enem)
João / Zero (Wagner Moura) is a genius scientist, but unhappy because 20 years ago he was publicly humiliated during a party and lost Helena (Alinne Moraes), an old and eternal passion. One day, an experiment with one of his inventions allows him to travel back in time, returning to that time and interfering in his destiny. But when he returns, he finds that his life has totally changed and now he needs to find a way to change this story, even if for that he has to go back to the past again. Will he be able to make things right?
Available in: http://adorocinema.com. Accessed on: 4 Oct. 2011.
What aspect of the grammatical organization updates the events presented in the review, contributing to awaken the reader's interest in the film?
a) The use of the verb be, rather than to have, in “20 years ago he was humiliated”.
b) The description of the facts with verbs in the present tense, such as “returns” and “discovers”.
c) The repetition of the use of the conjunction “but” to counteract ideas.
d) The end of the text with the catchphrase “Will he be able to make things right?”.
e) The use of the third person pronoun “he” throughout the text to refer to the protagonist João/Zero.
Resolution:
Alternative “b”.
By using verbs in the present tense of the indicative, the enunciator affirms and updates the events, which helps to awaken the reader's interest in the film.
Question 2 (Enem)
Available at: www.behance.net. Accessed on: Feb 21 2013 (adapted).
Speed is highlighted as one of the qualities of the advertised service, working as a persuasion strategy in relation to the graphic market consumer.
The verbal language resource that contributes to this highlight is the use:
a) the term “easy” at the beginning of the ad, focusing on the process.
b) of adjectives that value the sharpness of the print.
c) of the verb forms in the future and in the past tense, in sequence.
d) the intensifying expression “less than” associated with quality.
e) the expression “of the world” associated with “better”, which quantifies the action.
Resolution:
Alternative “c”.
In the expression “It's going to be good, isn't it?”, when using the verb “to go” in the present (with the meaning of the future) and the verb “to be” in the past, both in indicative mode, the enunciator affirms and highlights the speed of the announced service, as the future becomes the past quickly.
Question 3 (Enem)
In June 1913, I left for Europe to be treated in a Swiss sanatorium. I chose the one in Clavadel, near Davos-Platz, because Joao Luso had told me about it, who had spent a winter with you there. Later I learned that before there was a sanatorium in the place, Antônio Nobre had been there for some time. “On Falling from the Leaves”, and one of his most beautiful sonnets, perhaps my favorite, is dated “Clavadel, October, 1895”. I stayed in Switzerland until October 1914.
FLAG, M. Complete poetry and prose. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Aguilar, 1985.
In the author's memoir, among the resources used to organize the sequence of narrated events, the
a) construction of short sentences in order to make the text dynamic.
b) presence of place adverbs to indicate the progression of the facts.
c) alternating past tense to order events.
d) inclusion of statements with personal comments and ratings.
e) allusion to outstanding people in the writer's life trajectory.
Resolution:
Alternative “c”.
In the text, there is an alternation of tenses of the past tense, in indicative mode. Therefore, it is possible to point out “embarked”, “chose”, “came” and “stayed” (past perfect), as well as “spoken”, “passed” and “esvera” (past perfect). The use of these times organizes the sequence of events, as the author makes clear what happened in his past and what happened before that past.
by Warley Sousa
grammar teacher
