Brazil has a privileged territory in terms of water potential, which holds one of the largest freshwater reserves in the world. These reserves are distributed in flowing rivers that make up long-range hydrographic basins, favoring the production of electric energy and also navigation.
Main aspects of Brazilian hydrography:
• High incidence of torrential rivers, with a great abundance of water, and perennial, due to the climate predominantly humid that prevails in the country, except the rivers of the northeastern hinterland that have seasonal rivers (temporary);
• Preponderance of mouth (where the course of a river ends) of rivers of the estuary type (the mouth opens wide without sediment accumulation) and restricted occurrence of delta-type mouth (when there is a large accumulation of sediment at the mouth of the River);
• The fluvial variations of the hydrographic basins are of the main domain of the pluvial type, however, there is the development of nivale regimes (rivers formed or influenced by waters derived from glaciers), in the case of the Amazon basin and from Paraguay;
• Reduced number of lakes;
• Predominance of rivers with exorreic drainage type (rivers that flow into the sea);
• Rivers drain their water over plateaus and depressions, resulting in great hydraulic potential.
Given the immense water abundance that Brazil has, except for the northeastern hinterland, the country is practically immune to water shortages or at least does not have major concerns in this regard, which is a great privilege, since the scarcity of this important resource has already become reality in many countries and forecasts are pessimistic about the matter, not least because they know that water is not infinite as previously believed. previously.
Brazilians are dissipating when it comes to the level of water consumption and the proper treatment that we intended for rivers, especially those that cross different urban centers, regardless of size. Most of them are totally polluted and lifeless rivers, at least in the urban perimeter.
Eduardo de Freitas
Graduated in Geography
Brazil School Team
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/brasil/caracteristicas-hidrografia-brasileira.htm
