World Cup qualifiers is a World Cup qualifying tournament. Contrary to what most people think, the Qualifiers are considered a part of the World Cup; the phase that brings together the 32 ranked teams is the final part of the tournament. In the first World Cup, in 1930, several teams were invited; only 13 participated. Currently, with the large number of selections (200), a selection mechanism is needed so that only 32 of them qualify for the final phase of the competition.
The Qualifiers are disputed through championships held by the confederations of the six continental zones of the planet: Africa, Asia, North America, Central and Caribbean; South America, Oceania and Europe. The teams are matched and compete for a specific number of places determined by FIFA (International Football Association).
Each continental zone receives a certain amount of seats, taking into account the strength and tradition of its teams. Some believe that FIFA also takes political issues into account. Until the 2002 World Cup, the country that won the previous tournament was automatically classified for the next one, which ended: Brazil, even having been champion in 2002, had to qualify for 2006. Only the host country team has a guaranteed place.
In the South American Qualifiers, the ten teams play shift and return matches; the four highest ranked get the vacancies. The 5th place competes in a repechage with the champion team from Oceania or the 4th from North and Central America or the 5th from Asia.
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Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/educacao-fisica/eliminatorias-copa-mundo.htm