The Australian territory is quite extensive and, for this reason, in its interior there is an immense variety of climates, reliefs, vegetation. Australia is washed by the Indian and Pacific oceans. Much of the national area is geographically located in the intertropical zone of the planet, the rest of the territory is influenced by the temperate climate as it is cut by the Tropic of Capricorn.
As for the relief, the country is characterized by the predominance of plateaus, however, with gentle elevations, considering that such morphology is ancient. Due to this factor, a large part of the country's soil has suffered a lot of wear, promoted by erosive processes (water and wind, for example). This factor of the Australian topography prevents there being large elevations in the relief. The highest point is in a place called the Australian Alps, which reach 2,230 meters in altitude. The plain areas are found in close proximity to major Australian rivers such as the Murray and Darling.
Most of the territory has a hot and dry climate, being two types: arid and semiarid. This fact provided the emergence of deserts, with emphasis on the Gibson and Vitória. But these aren't the only types of climate in Australia. The following climates are also identified: tropical, humid tropical, subtropical. The tropical climate is characterized by the occurrence of two very distinct seasons, one being dry and the other rainy. The humid tropical does not have dry periods and has high temperatures for most of the year. The subtropical climate is similar to the Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and cold, rainy winters.
As a result of the climatic aspects presented, the vegetation cover can be of the type: steppes and xerophilic shrubs, in desert areas and tropical and subtropical forests, in wetter areas.
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By Eduardo de Freitas
Graduated in Geography
Would you like to reference this text in a school or academic work? Look:
DANTAS, James. "Australia's natural features"; Brazil School. Available in: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/aspectos-naturais-australia.htm. Accessed on June 28, 2021.
