What was the Regency Period?
In the History of Brazil, the so-called Time courseresident was the nine-year gap between the end of FirstEmpire, commanded by D. Pedro I, and the beginning of SecondEmpire, with accession to the throne of D. Peter II. The First Empire ended on April 7, 1831, when D. Peter I abdicated the throne in favor of his son, then seven years old. As the successor was still a child, the Constitution of 1824, in your Chapter V, ordered that the command of the Empire be delegated to a Regency until the age of majority was reached - it is worth noting that the age of majority provided for by the article 121 of the aforementioned Constitution was 18 full years.
The Constitution of 1824 also provided that, if the emperor was of legal age, the Regency should be occupied by his closest relative and, of course, of legal age; otherwise, a RegencyProvisional, made up of ministers and state counselors. As there was no close relative of Pedro II able to assume the Regency at the time, the call began
Provisional Three-fold Regency, which, in turn, had the mission of electing the RegencytrinityPermanent.Triune Rules
The Provisional Triune Regency was composed of Nicolau Pereira Campos Vargueiro, José Joaquim Carneiro de Campos and Francisco Lima da Silva and it only lasted two months. It was the provisional regents who took care of the formal part of D's abdication. Pedro I, who left the country on April 13, and declared D. Pedro II officially Emperor of Brazil on April 9th. On May 3, there was an election to the Permanent Regency, as required by law. On July 17, the government was made effective, composed of José da Costa Carvalho (Marquis of Monte Alegre), FranciscoLima and Silva and João Bráulio Muniz.
As historian Boris Fausto says in his book História do Brasil, the political tendency of the Trina Permanente Regency was:
[…] moderate liberals, who organized themselves according to the Masonic tradition in the Society for the Defense of Freedom and National Independence. Among them, there was a high proportion of politicians from Minas, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. There was also a significant presence of priests and some graduates in Coimbra. Many were landowners and slaves. Prominent names among moderate liberals were: Bernardo Pereira de Vasconcelos, a magistrate from Minas Gerais educated in Coimbra; Father Diogo Feijó, born in São Paulo and future regent; and Evaristo da Veiga, responsible for the edition in Rio de Janeiro of AuroraFluminense, the most important liberal newspaper of its time. [1]
In this phase of the Regency, Brazil underwent important institutional reforms aimed at consolidating the country's political and territorial unity. An example of these reforms was the creation of the GuardNational,which replaced the former regional militias and began to act punctually in each province in order to maintain order in the municipalities and, if necessary, protect borders under the command of the Army.
Himself Army it underwent a general reorganization, receiving greater technical and material support. There was also the creation of the Criminal Procedure Code, in 1832, inspired by the English and American models, which had the function of giving procedurality (that is, mode of use) to the CodeCriminal, approved in 1830.
One rulership of Feijó and Araújo Lima
The Permanent Trina Regency only ended after the election that determined the reliability of the Empire's command to a single regent, in 1835. This was established by the Additional Act of August 12th from the previous year. This act also enabled the decentralization of power, giving more autonomy to some provincial elites – a fact that displeased the opposition of a conservative and centralizing tendency.
The first regent to occupy the position alone was the priest Diego Antônio Feijó, who beat his main rival, NetherlandsCavalcanti, with 2,826 votes against 2,251 for Cavalcanti. Feijó remained in power until 1838, when he resigned from office. To learn more about this, visit this link: Una Regency of Feijó. Feijó's resignation was followed by new elections for the Regency position, the result of which was favorable to the conservative Araújolime. It was under the regency of Araújo Lima that the calls broke out provincial revolts, such asBalaiada, a sabinada, a cabin and the Ragamuffin revolution. For more details about Araújo Lima's stay at the head of Império, visit this link: Regency Una de Araújo Lima.
End of the Regency Period with the Coup of Adulthood
Araújo Lima's Regency ended in 1840 with a parliamentary subversion of the 1824 Constitution, known as the come-of-age scam, which made it possible for D. Pedro II, then 15 years old, assume the imperial throne.
GRADES
[1] FAUSTO, Boris. history of Brazil. São Paulo: EDUSP, 2013.p. 140.
By Me. Cláudio Fernandes