The writing of Enem is evaluated based on five skills, that make up your reference matrix. Each competency focuses on one aspect of the text to provide a standardized assessment to thousands of competitors. The matrix evaluates aspects like:
language variety
understanding of the theme and textual type
use of repertoire and connectives
intervention proposal
To get a good grade, the candidate must perform well in all competencies.
Read too: Tips for Rediting for Enem
What are the 5 skills charged in writing Enem?
The text of Enem is a text in prose, from the essay-argumentative text type, in which the student must address a topic and defend a point of view about it, concluding with a proposal for intervention, to alleviate or solve the indicated problem. To standardize the correction of thousands of essays, the exam created a reference matrix.
The Enem newsroom matrix is divided into five Skills, each one is worth 200 points and, together, they add up to the 1000 points of the essay. Each competency examines a different aspect of the text and is subdivided into different levels, which serve to score the candidate's performance. The five skills of the Enem writing are:
Competence 1: Demonstrate mastery of the formal written form of the Portuguese language.
Competence 2: Understand the writing proposal and apply concepts from various areas of knowledge to develop the theme, within the structural limits of the dissertation-argumentative prose text.
Competence 3: Selecting, relating, organizing and interpreting information, facts, opinions and arguments in defense of a point of view.
Competence 4: Demonstrate knowledge of the linguistic mechanisms necessary for the construction of argumentation.
Competence 5: Elaborate intervention proposal for the problem addressed, respecting human rights.
What is evaluated in each of the 5 competences of the Enem writing?
→ Competence 1
Competency 1 examines the mastery of grammatical rules and conventions of the Portuguese language. Some of the aspects analyzed in this topic are:
syntactic structure
accentuation
punctuation
orthography
verbal and nominal agreement
transline
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→ Competence 2
Competency 2 examines three main axes:
the understanding of the theme (considering the specific cut of the subject)
adequacy of textual type (prose text of the essay-argumentative type)
use of sociocultural repertoire (different areas of knowledge related to the topic)
→ Competence 3
Competence 3 examine the evidence or not of a text design. This project refers to the pre-textual organization and comprises four steps:
selection of information and ideas
relationship between information and theme
organization of information sequence and argumentative strategies
interpretation of previous steps
presentation of critical reading and authorship
→ Competence 4
Competence 4 examine the use ofconnectives and argumentative operators to establish a connection between the different parts of the text and highlight the established relationships and interpretations.
→ Competence 5
Competence 5 examine the intervention proposal. It requires the proposal to present five elements in order to be considered complete:
agent
action
way/middle
detailing
goal
In addition, competence 5 requires that the proposed text respects the Human rights.
See too: 6 ways to study for Enem online
Tips to get the maximum score in the 5 skills of the Enem writing
Analyzing the five competences of the Enem writing, it is noticed that many aspects are examined and considered in the correction. Therefore, the candidate needs comprehensive training, as no topic can compensate for another. Below is a list of tips to perform well in the Enem text, divided into two categories: tips for before the test and tips for taking the test.
Before the test:
study grammar: studying grammar is essential for Enem writing, as the standard variety will be required in competency 1. The ideal is to review the contents in which you find it most difficult, since it is impossible to review the entire grammar of the language.
read a lot: more than memorizing the rules, it is essential to know how to apply them fluidly and properly. This maturity can only be acquired with the practice of reading and writing. Read many essays and argumentative texts as well as practice writing in the Enem mold.
Analyze entire repertoire: every candidate has some knowledge of the world, and a good part may be relevant to Enem. Thus, before the test, it is already useful to evaluate the knowledge that one has, analyzing what may be relevant, for which themes, what needs to be verified, etc.
study argumentation: Argumentation is an exercise in persuasion and persuasion. To present a well-founded and convincing text, the candidate must apply strategies of argumentation. Therefore, before the test, it is essential to check this content and use tools for the test.
question and criticize: the Enem essay requires a critical and original reading on the topic, the candidate must exercise reflective thinking before the test. Start analyzing social scenarios and phenomena and criticizing them, always reflecting on possibilities for improvement.
update yourself: being well informed is important. The argument may even be superficially well written, but present common or outdated information. It is important to insert new and safe content, showing attention to current phenomena and facts in the country and the world.
Search for thematic axes: It is not fruitful to try to guess the exact theme of the Enem essay. Instead, the candidate can study thematic axes (education, health, economics, etc.), adding a legitimate and comprehensive repertoire, so that it can be adapted to different themes.
At test time:
Read the topic carefully: in addition to approaching the subject, in the text, the argument must be directed to the specific cut, indicated by the proposal. The keywords are essential to recognize the thematic direction: “Challenges in…”, “The importance of…”, “The democratization of…”.
Write down all ideas: After careful reading, write down all the ideas that pop into your head. This background will be useful in the next step, organizing the script, providing different possibilities for ideas, repertoires, information, arguments, etc.
Organize a screenplay before writing: don't do the text without thinking about it first. Carefully select what will be presented, arrange the order in which data and arguments will be arranged, and score the relationships between them. Also, choose the thesis for the introduction, the arguments of each paragraph and the intervention proposal for the conclusion.
Divide the text into three parts: Enem's essay is of the essay-argumentative type, so its structure must be separated into three blocks — introduction, development and conclusion. The introduction introduces the theme and thesis; the development, the arguments; the conclusion, a proposal for intervention.
Use legitimate and relevant repertoire: do not invent data or cite information without certainty of origin. Enem considers films, music, series, literature and other artistic texts as a repertoire. Prefer to use what you really know, a known movie, for example, than a quote with no safe origin.
Reread and correct the text: after the first writing of the text, make a careful rereading, checking grammatical issues and also the application of connectives. If necessary, make changes to formalize the text and improve its meaning.
Make a complete and relevant proposal: the intervention proposal must be complete in order to receive the 200 points, therefore, ideally, the candidate should pay attention to highlighting the five elements - agent, action, mode/means, detail and purpose - respecting the Rights Humans.
By Talliandre Matos
Writing Teacher
Would you like to reference this text in a school or academic work? Look:
MATOS, Talliandre. "The 5 skills of writing Enem"; Brazil School. Available in: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/redacao/as-5-competencias-da-redacao-do-enem.htm. Accessed on June 27, 2021.